tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-62563352031055939132024-02-20T02:07:18.127-08:00How to write essay proposalprosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.comBlogger146125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-78093174617322209132020-09-02T08:11:00.001-07:002020-09-02T08:11:11.659-07:003 Cases of Using the Wrong Punctuation3 Cases of Using the Wrong Punctuation 3 Cases of Using the Wrong Punctuation 3 Cases of Using the Wrong Punctuation By Mark Nichol In every one of the accompanying sentences, an inappropriate accentuation has been utilized to help in association of a sentence. Conversation after every model clarifies the issue, and a correction exhibits the arrangement. 1. Guarantee that you have a departure course while driving in rush hour gridlock, drive at a speed that puts your vehicle outside bunches of vehicles. This sentence experiences a comma join the utilization of a comma to isolate two free conditions. An increasingly powerful accentuation imprint ought to be utilized rather: ââ¬Å"Ensure that you have a break course while driving in rush hour gridlock; drive at a speed that puts your vehicle outside bunches of vehiclesâ⬠(Alternatively, a scramble could supplant the comma, or the substance could be isolated into two sentences. Or on the other hand, on the grounds that the subsequent statement is an augmentation of the first, a colon would be suitable.) 2. An official in the association sees a requirement for change, a digitalization project,â for model, that will help pull the organization aheadâ of its rivals. At the point when an enclosure inside a bracket happens, utilize unmistakable accentuation imprints to help the peruser in perceiving the pecking order of the sentence components; hold commas for one incidental component inside another, and utilize runs or enclosures to outline the more critical interposition: ââ¬Å"An official in the association sees a requirement for change-a digitalization project,â for model that will help pull the organization aheadâ of its competitors.â⬠3. For instance, execute forms that produce wellsprings of new learning; empower foundational thinking in refining and following up on nature input got; and encourage viable tuning in to clients, providers, workers, and different partners with the goal of driving consistent improvement. At the point when at least one things in a rundown themselves incorporate records, semicolons fill in as supercommas to recognize the two degrees of association. In any case, they work just if the sentence closes with the last rundown thing. On the off chance that an expression that applies to all rundown things follows the last rundown thing, as ââ¬Å"with the goal of driving consistent improvementâ⬠does here, the last semicolon ââ¬Å"trapsâ⬠that state with the goal that it seems to apply just to that thing. To keep away from this blunder, modify the sentence to wipe out the utilization of semicolons: ââ¬Å"For model, execute forms that produce wellsprings of new learning just as those that support foundational thinking in refining and following up on the earth criticism got and encourage viable tuning in to clients, providers, workers, and different partners with the goal of driving nonstop improvement.â⬠Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin accepting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Punctuation classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Compared to or Compared with?Driver License versus Driverââ¬â¢s LicenseThe Difference Between Phonics and Phonetics prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-26201273986785396962020-08-22T15:02:00.001-07:002020-08-22T15:02:30.863-07:00Gas Solid Chromatography And Gas Liquid Chromatography Chemistry EssayGas Solid Chromatography And Gas Liquid Chromatography Chemistry Essay Gas chromatography mostly comprises of Gas strong chromatography and Gas fluid chromatography, in the two sorts gas is utilized as versatile stage and either strong or fluid utilized as fixed stage. Gas strong chromatography isn't utilized generally due to set number of fixed stages accessible. In Gas strong chromatography, the rule of division is adsorption. Its chiefly utilized for solutes which having less solvency in fixed stage. Rule and measures required for gas chromatography Rule of division in Gas fluid chromatography is parcel only.à Gas is utilized as versatile stage and the fluid is covered on a strong help utilized as fixed stage. Consequently those mixes can be isolated by their segment coefficients. Models for the mixes to be examined by gas chromatography are volataility and thermostability. Fluid Chromatography Fluid chromatography is a detachment procedure wherein the portable stage is a fluid. Fluid chromatography can be completed either in a segment or a plane. Fluid chromatography it uses extremely limited quantity of particles and generally high weight is applied called as superior fluid chromatography. Fluid chromatography predominantly depicted as non-instrumental technique. Since test doesnt need to disintegrate as like in gas chromatography. Possibly any compound can be examined by this strategy. Elution should be possible by surface adsorbtion , dissolvable dividing, particle trade , relative solute size , and relative solvency. Both solute and solvents are appended to the polar destinations on fixed stage Determination of dissolvable Its is rely on different factors, for example, Solvent quality , extremity file. 2.â â â â â â Using of more than one segment in gas and fluid chromatography : The critical favorable position over single segment framework as opposed to a couple of dimensional frameworks are coupled so that individual or gathering tops are move starting with one section then onto the next segment for increment in goals. Different things supporting for utilizing of multidimensional frameworks are by watching results from different diaries, for example, Increment in goals better partition In no time investigation time Faster outcomes Avoidence of segment and finder pollution Increment of volume lifetime and unwavering quality Increment in affectability improved discovery by evacuation of covered pinnacles. Utilizing of combinational methodology for the improvement of restrictive probabilities. To improve the analyte signal likelihood, only Application of hyphenation. To limit model lingering blunder. The principle approaches for utilizing mutiple or two segments in chromatography or investigative seperations are as per the following: 1.Enrcihment 2.Heart-cutting 3.Back-flushing 1. Enhancement : This is the fundamental methodology that to distinguish or increment in measures of follow segments. At first pre-grouping of follow components can be pressed on a segment, and afterward more examples can be set on stuffed section than a narrow. 2. Heart-cutting : For a perplexing blend containing not just single segment to determine the all parts of intrigue and extremely huge pinnacles may shows up those may covers different segments , by passing the settled region to second segment can be utilized to treat heart-cutting or cut and move. The primary utilization of heartcutting inmulti dimensional chromatography either gas or fluid is the physical detachment of a couple of follow target mixes within the sight of significant impedances. The total multi dimensional portrayal of an example requires an alternate approach.The course of action of the nearby heartcuts are performed inside the samerun. By this we ready to discover the most extreme pinnacle limit of a framework averagely. The subsequent segment utilizing likewise should having diverse extremity from first segment. 3.Back-flushing: On the off chance that the example contains both unstable and non-unpredictable substances separately, the absolute analysis ought to need to done one way as it were. Consequently just a single segment is required. In ordinary activities stream typically occers , after all quicker eluting species has settled. The worth is switch, turning around the stream. In switch stage For high moleculer weight species it would advances lastly first bit of section to done the detachment. Back-flushing reverse mode: Foundation work for Multi Dimensional Chromatography: It speaks to a powerfull device and an elective strategy to old style one dimensional High execution fluid chromatography. To get multiheartcut, 2-D GC has been created. Restricted cuts of emanating are occasionally infused through an essential segment into a short, rapid optional section. Parts which are not settled in the main measurement experience a subsequent division step. The procedure is undifferentiated from routine GC/MS and is otherwise called extensive 2-D GC. In the two procedures, the whole example is cut into thin parcels for additional investigation. The down to earth usage of extensive 2-D GC is finished by brainchild of Phillips who imagined a warm modulator as an example presentation gadget. The primary birthplace of multi dimensional gas and fluid chromatography is lies in planar chromatography i.e., segment between a fluid moving by narrow activity over a portion of paper gave second fluid. The greater part of the devolepments in recent decades, how ever, The multi dimensional chromatography is utilizing for quantitative estimations. Prologue to Multi Dimensional Gas and Liquid Chromatography: Multidimensional chromatography is otherwise called coupled section chromatography or segment exchanging chromatography or multiphase chromatography or train unit chromatography or consecutive investigation. Multidimensional chromatography incorporates the partition of complex blends by utilizing various segments with various fixed stages. Those segments are coupled symmetrically, that the portions from first section can be specifically moved to different segments for extra partition. This empowers division of follow components from complex blends that can't be isolated by utilizing a solitary segment. Multi dimensional frameworks in chromatography: A chromatographic measurement is resolved as a steady estimation of the dispersion consistent of an analyte inside a similar investigation. The exploratory plans prompting its change inside one run, (for example, unique fixed stages, various temperatures) have a place with multidimensional chromatography frameworks. Multi dimensional exchanging in chromatography: An exchanging measurement is test delta division part-identifier inside one examination run. An exploratory game plan prompting increase of any piece of the way of the moving item has a place with multi-dimensional exchanging frameworks. In multidimensional chromatography, the appropriation steady is diferent in each part, and in this manner the analytes will act diverse by them. In this manner, the partition in a one-dimensional framework will be upgraded with respect to the quantity of chromatographic dimensiones. It is portrays that the multidimensional chromatography without mulditimensional switchning (temperature or program modes) and multidimensional exchanging without multidimensional chromatography. Hyphenated procedures can be both multidimensional partition frameworks (HPLC-GC) and multidimesional exchanging frameworks (FID-MS). Interfaces of various strategies (GC-FTIR) are all the time considered as hyphenation yet they are not really multidimensional. In multidimensional chromatography, the conveyance consistent is diverse in each measurement, and in this manner the analytes will act distinctively in them. The detachment will be upgraded with respect to the quantity of chromatographic measurements. Instrumentation: Multi dimensional Gas and fluid chromatography : Primarily those infusing of tests through: Gas injector Fluid injector 1.Gas injector : This instrument is a controlled analyzer chamber which contains 6-way stomach valve and an injector circle in exchanging position A)clear way of the worth the example streams consistently over associations 5,6,3,4 through the injector circle, while the bearer gas supplies the partition segment by means of the path1 and 2. In exchanging position B) spotted way tests is shorted by means of 5,4 the transporter gas flushes the examples which was estimated in the injector circle to the detachment section by means of 1,6,3,2 after the consummation of the infusion , time of infusion will takes about 1 to 10 sec. Exchanging back to exchanging position A happens . For gas infusion , volume somewhere in the range of 0.5 and 3ml are utilized relies on diagnostic requirements. 2.Liquid injector : Fluid examples can be presented in fluid structure. The required measure of fluid is the vapourized and provided to the division coloumn as a gas by utilizing fluid gas injector valve which comprises of 3 segments the pneumatic drive , test through the vapourization framework. Those procedures can be accessible with the multi dimensional gas and fluid chromatography are: Multi dimensional Thin Layer chromatography Multi dimensional Gas Chromatography Multi dimensional High Performance Liquid Chromatography Multi dimensional by utilizing on-line coupled HPLC and hairlike gas chromatography Multi dimensional too basic liquid chromatography Ultra high weight multi dimensional fluid chromatography Understanding of results : Chemometric study may helpful for investigation of exceptionally combined pinnacles, when multi channel locators are utilized , this chemometric examination is effective when they having potential pinnacles may occering with in chromatographic pinnacles , the chemometric techniques computerized in order to defuse locales of a chromatogram. Just issue with this procedure while having one dimensional information and its mostly relevant for proteomics. Points of interest of Multi dimensional chromatography More than one dimensional and two dimensional frameworks In the two gas and fluid chromatographic frameworks: For the most part incorporates the se prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-13554627264414529182020-08-21T12:44:00.001-07:002020-08-21T12:44:34.735-07:00Community Involvement Program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsNetwork Involvement Program - Essay Example Network Academy Public Charter Schools (CAPCS) and Northwestern University have actualized network inclusion programs as a component of the learning procedure. CAPCS fuses parent inclusion in showing little youngsters at the rudimentary level. The Amos 3 grounds at CAPCS gives youth programs that give youngsters a firm scholarly profession establishment (CAPCS, 1). The program centers around essential ideas of math and perusing as a component of instructive presentation. Social turn of events, regard, great conduct, and enthusiasm for learning are advanced at the grounds. Guardians collaborate with educators and manager to help the advancement procedure. CAPCS has been effective by focusing on science and innovation to accentuation hand-on critical thinking aptitudes. Kids learn basic reasoning and critical thinking and gain essential information required in every single scholastic field. This has been instrumental in getting ready youngsters scholastically and socially before wander ing into auxiliary school, which has prompted effective academicians from Amos 3 grounds (CAPCS, 2). Northwestern college includes a few projects inside their locale contribution program that gives understudies neighborhood and global chances. The Applied Medical Society gives occasions focusing on understudies enthusiasm for human services arrangement. Members learn essential abilities, for example, CPR in these occasions (NU, 1). Grounds kitchens utilize volunteer understudies who gain proficiency with the way toward reusing un-served nourishment into nutritious dinners for seniors, network associations, and youth programs. Graduates and students likewise take an interest in return and limit building programs with accomplices from more than 50 colleges in more than 40 nations. These workshops give mentorship and get ready understudies to profession openings. Most exercises are fixated on understudies and there is little support from guardians. The program plans understudies for vocation adventures and understudy associations inside the grounds have been instrumental in the achieve ment of the network contribution program. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-82731130398329365962020-05-26T21:25:00.001-07:002020-05-26T21:25:03.262-07:00Writing Essay Topics That Students LikeWriting Essay Topics That Students LikeWhile it is possible to take a random 5th grade essay topic and turn it into a final paper, many teachers don't like this practice, as it forces them to select topic topics that they may not have thought of. This can be an insult to the students, as they feel that they haven't gotten credit for their essay and they have spent a lot of time writing something that didn't really matter.To solve this problem, many teachers are looking for creative ways to incorporate student's own topic ideas into their assignments. However, it's easy to forget that the topics have to make sense, so first a question must be asked - what do students like?What concepts are important to them? Some subjects are extremely fun, such as superhero movies. These are some of the best topics to ask students to write about, as this provides the student with many options for unique ideas.The important thing to remember about essay topics is that they must make sense. This means they must relate to something that they've experienced. Perhaps the topic is based on a character that the student knows or at least relates to on some level.With that in mind, students should think about what character or idea will help them get the most out of their topic ideas. In my opinion, the best topics for an essay will include things that the student was able to do or events that they enjoyed.By making this decision, they will be able to really focus on their subject and make sure that their essay is worth writing. If the subject is too general, the student is likely to skimp on content and end up using a lot of words. If the topic is too specific, they are more likely to end up writing less than a 1000 words.It's important that these essays make an impact on the student who will eventually turn their project into a final paper. Therefore, remember that you want them to connect the ideas in their topic to something that they are passionate about. The results can be anythin g from a small boost in grades to getting a coveted spot on the big stage. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-88178317371650239082020-05-16T05:50:00.001-07:002020-05-16T05:50:10.292-07:00Essay about United States Constitution - 639 Words Compare the strengths and weaknesses of the Articles of confederation to those of the Constitution. Which document did a better job at protecting liberties? Running a government? Explain your answer with specific examples. The Article of Confederation was the building block that created our Constitution. It was prefect as well a lot of things our government creates. In addition here are differences between the two documents. ââ¬Å"When it came to levying taxes the Articles stated Congress could request states to pay taxes. The Constitution states Congress has the right to levy taxes on individualsâ⬠(Feldmeth, Greg D. U.S. History Resources http://home.earthlink.net/~gfeldmeth/USHistory.html (31 March 1998). ââ¬Å"A federal court the Articlesâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦If an issue raises between states Articles states to use the system of negotiation. Now the federal court deals with state to state issues. With passing laws before the Constitution, the Articles wanted 9/13 to pass any law. After it states 50%+1 of both of the houses plus the president needs to sign it. Also in the Articles term limit for legislative office is no more than three out of every six years. In the constitution there isnââ¬â¢t a term limit. The Chair of legislature is the president according to the Articles but in the constitution, the speaker of the House of Representatives, Vice President of the Senate. The Constitution is a better document that protected the liberties of the citizens of America. The reason is that after review of the Articles we see a lot of issues with how they tried not to be like the British parliament but needed up similar to how they manage their government. Also other reasons it wasnââ¬â¢t a strong document was because it seem like an inexperience on certain subject as for example the Articles had no executive branch but in the constitution now there is an executive branch. The major reason I see that the constitution was good for the liberties were because of the check and balance proposal. Running a government, the constitution is a stronger document that hits every issue including liberties for citizens. For example, dispute between states; they issued that problem to Congress according to the Articles. In theShow MoreRelatedThe Constitution Of The United States979 Words à |à 4 Pages In 1787 the Constitution of the United States was written and rati fied to better that time period. Many people believe that the Constitution was an excellent tool in previous years but, it is no longer relevant to todayââ¬â¢s society. Others disagree, they think that the United States Constitution is still applicable to todayââ¬â¢s American citizens. The Constitution is significant to American life, it protects each individualââ¬â¢s rights, limits the federal governmentââ¬â¢s power, and amendments can be addedRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1337 Words à |à 6 PagesA constitution is defined as the system of fundamental principles according to which a nation, state, or those of such nature are governed. The Constitution of the United States of America is the supreme law over our nation as a set of rules in which our country is run. In addition to following the rules of the national constitution Texas also has its own constitution as wall as every other stateââ¬â¢s; Texasââ¬â¢s is among the longest. Similarly to the United States Constitution, the structure and functionRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Essay1391 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Constitution of the United States, specifically the Bill of Rights, guarantees and protects the rights of individual citizens. In addition to freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and the right to keep and bear arms, individuals have the freedom to assemble and the freedom to petition. More importantly, is the protection from unreasonable search and seizure, cruel and unusual punishment, self-incrimination, and the deprivation of life, liberty, or property without due process of law (UnitedRead MoreThe United States Constitution958 Words à |à 4 PagesThe United States Constitution was adopted September 17, 1787. The purpose around its construction was to add more detailed rights, laws and regulations in the United States than the Articles of Confederation gave when it was established on November 15, 1777. The ratification of the Bill Of Rig hts added to the constitution December 5, 1791 created a clear understanding of the rights garneted to the American people. The founders created laws and restrictions that limited the governmental power andRead MoreThe United States Constitution2133 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Constitution The Constitution is the foundation of the United States Government. Each branch of the government relies upon this document to dictate how power is distributed in this democracy and the people rely on the Constitution to protect them from the Federal governments power. Before the Constitution the colonies were divided under the governance of the Articles of Confederation. This first government was adequate through the Revolutionary War but afterwards the people needed unionRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States972 Words à |à 4 PagesThe constitution, the governing document of the United States, virtually perfect in its creation and given life through the thoughts, worries, and dreams of a few great and very intelligent men, it can be said to be the living law of the land, one that has grown and matured with society and the world of today. This document has performed amazingly in its ability to represent the people of its time and to allow room for interpretation of law in combination with society to allow it to continue to representRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1552 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Constitution of the United States has governed this country for over 200 years. The Bill of Rights, also known has the first Ten Amendments of the Constitution, has protected the unalienable rights of citizens in the United State. Selective incorporation was used in order to nationalize the Bill of Rights and protect the immunities, rights, and privileges of all United States citizens within the states. The success of Selective Incorporation, along with the 14th Amendment, ensured that statesRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States894 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe substratum for that country. A Constitution can be defined as a document that is the substratum of the countryââ¬â¢s principles. Elements in the Constitution may contain sundry information. Which can include: how many terms a leader may serve, what rights the citizens have, how the judicial system works, etc. The United States in no different from those countries. Every constitution is different, no country has the exact constitution as another. The U.S Constitution is a four-page document detailingRead MoreThe Problem With The United States Constitution1209 Words à |à 5 PagesAllana Diego Mrs. Morris CLN4U 9 January 2015 The Problem with the United Statesââ¬â¢ Constitution According to the United Nations, human rights are defined as ââ¬Å"rights inherent to all human beings, whatever their nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, language, or any other status. Humans all equally entitled to human rights without discrimination. These rights are all interrelated, interdependent and indivisible.â⬠The fight to protect human rights hasRead MoreThe United States Constitution1698 Words à |à 7 PagesThe United States Constitution was ratified in the summer of 1788 and is the governing document of the United States of America. Owing to its brevity and clarity of thought, it has stood the test of time, whereas founding laws of other nations have come and gone, lost to the thoughts of the many for whom they were originally conceived of to sustain. Of the prescient statutes that comprise this most venerable of documents is Article 1, Section Four, which laid a foundation for the election of federal prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-25591031187228815902020-05-06T17:30:00.001-07:002020-05-06T17:30:12.294-07:00The Impact Of Technological Surveillance On Human... Society is a living breathing organism, one that constantly pushes for constant advancements in everything. This could be through medicine, social skills, physical ability, and even technological advances. Specifically for the application of law and a personââ¬â¢s right to privacy technological advances in surveillance will be analyzed. Whitebread, and Slobogin (2014) give a good working definition of what technological surveillance is and what is covers. ââ¬Å"Technological surveillance,â⬠¦ is meant to encompass a wide variety of techniques that enhance the ability to ease drop or spy on the activities of othersâ⬠(Whitebread and Slobogin, 2004, p. 134,)There are many forms of technological surveillance, example will be show through case law. As newâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Therefore, when the case made it to the Supreme Court, their decision was that the defendantââ¬â¢s fourth amendment rights had not been violated. This was held on the standing at that at that time, on whether or not there had been a physical trespass onto the defendantââ¬â¢s property. Without a physical cross over onto the defendants property then it was not considered a trespass. This went along with the trespass doctrine. Later on in Silverman v. United States (1961) there had been a violation of the trespass doctrine. The evidence seized were incriminating conversations and nothing tangible. Nonetheless, the ruling stood on the grounds that since the spike mike broke the barrier of the wall on the defendantââ¬â¢s property it did violate the trespassed trespass doctrine. In a similar manner, yet still different, another issues comes up when considering the trespass doctrine. In On Lee v. United States (1952), the issues that arises is if the defendantââ¬â¢s fourth amendment right has been violated. Specifically, if the consent to enter the property given by the owner still violates the trespass doctrine when the undercover agent is wearing a body bug. The dec ision was that there was no violation on fourth amendment search in seizure in the basis that the consent given to enter made the surveillance legal. The justification is that the federal agent was an actual participant and not planted, which would be defined as a physical invasion (Whitebread and Slobogin,Show MoreRelatedAn Agent Of A Foreign Power1750 Words à |à 7 Pages - Next, in a few paragraphs, I am going to comment on the double standards that is used to justify surveillance of US-persons vs Non-US persons (showing of ââ¬Å"probable causeâ⬠for the former vs. a mere ââ¬Å"reasonable beliefâ⬠for the latter), and argue that this double standard present a threat to international trade. The 3rd recommendation of the paper ââ¬Å"Liberty and Securityâ⬠demands that ââ¬Å"surveillance must not be directed at illicit or illegitimate ends, such as the theft of trade secrets or obtainingRead MoreSurveillance Techniques1375 Words à |à 6 PagesCentervale, the following proposal will prove strategic as it will bring to light material regarding what is revered today as the most successful surveillance techniques available. The surveillance techniques of which will be proposed in this memo can be used for vehicle tracking, cell phone tracking, email, background checks, and computer surveillance techniques. While immigration issues tend to plague a myriad of towns, cities, and states, the issue is not one that is conceived as irrepressible;Read MoreNSA and Edward Snowden Essay examples1326 Words à |à 6 Pages Privacy has endured throughout human history as the pillar upon which our authentic nature rests. Yet, in an age darkened by the looming shadow of terrorism, another force threatens to dominate the skyline and obscure the light of liberty behind promises of safety and security: government surveillance. As an employee of the NSA, Edward Snowden broke his vow of secrecy to inform the public of our governmentââ¬â¢s furtive surveillance acts, but does this render him traitorous? To answer this, we mustRead MoreThe Case of the Omniscient Organization1207 Words à |à 5 PagesDS has created an impersonal monitoring, surveillance, and detection system designed to lay traps for employees and shape their behavior without any managerial effort. Problem Statement Has DS become so consumed with its ââ¬Å"radical restructuring of the work environmentâ⬠that it has prioritized technology and control over the welfare, creativity, and productivity of its people? Analysis and Issues Digital technology has made an undeniably profound impact, both positive and negative, on the workplaceRead MoreSurveillance : Surveillance And Surveillance Essay1481 Words à |à 6 PagesThroughout the short history of technology, human beings have benefited a lot from the development and progress of digital products such as computers, mobile phones and digital cameras. Nowadays, the increasing use of cameras, microphones and other tracking devices among governments and numerous corporations has brought about great changes in peopleââ¬â¢s daily lives. Since survey and surveillance data is crucial for governments to maintain social order and for corporations to keep normal productionRead MoreMilitary Drones : The Weapon Of Choice1537 Words à |à 7 PagesChoice George Servidad South University May 29, 2016 Drones, the US choice of weapon to combat ISIS. It is automated, unpiloted, and work on their own. They do surveillance, hunt, identify and kill enemies based on calculations made by the software, not decisions made by humans. They kill from a distance through technological mediation, without the shock of direct confrontation. Boyle (2013) states that drones operate with a reduce view of effectiveness. They kill innocent people includingRead MoreSocial Attitudes Of Freedom And Control By George Orwell And Fritz Lang1681 Words à |à 7 Pagesof class struggle and the impact of technology on humanity through their medium of choice, expressing these serious concerns by forming a dystopic outlook of the future world. Langââ¬â¢s science-fiction film Metropolis encapsulates the tensions of his wartime experience, and the political situation of the 1920s Weimer period in Germany, in which Lang tapped into the countryââ¬â¢s power struggles, issues of poverty and conflict, as well as the clear fascination with technological developments, through a heavilyRead MoreFahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1780 Words à |à 8 Pagestechnologies that are similar to the ones that were invented years after the book was written. Some of these technologies include the Bluetooth headsets, ear buds, electronic surveillance, lar ge flat screen televisions, the aeromovel, self-driving cars, fingerprint or eye identification software, and electronic surveillance. Besides, that the book has explained critically how the technologies have affected the society in general. One of the technologies the author writes about before it was inventedRead MoreThe Role Of Drones1372 Words à |à 6 Pagesdrones act as surveillance vehicles capable of continuously monitoring targets over long periods of time. They collect visual, infrared, and Signals Intelligence via eavesdropping devices 15,000 feet above ground for a maximum duration of 20 hours before needing to refuel (Bowden, 2013). The significance here is that valuable intelligence can be gathered on individuals by tracking daily routines and intercepting e-mails, texts, and phone conversations. Given this, using drones for surveillance purposesRead MoreTechnology and the Concept of Privacy1704 Words à |à 7 Pagesdegree of control may differ among cultures and countries but the fundamental principle remains the same that all human has right to protect their personal information and lawfully go about their ordinary businesses without interference and surveillance. This paper reviews ethical aspects of i nformation privacy and information technology. The issues discussed are the concept privacy, impact of technology on the private lives of people, influence of technology on processing, storing and accessing private prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-33372770035431042282020-05-05T21:22:00.001-07:002020-05-05T21:22:22.987-07:00Health Promotion Competencies Samples â⬠MyAssignmenthelp.com Question: Discuss about the Health Promotion Competencies. Answer: The essay here discusses about the importance of evaluation of heath promotion programs. There is further discussion of the three types of evaluation and their process, impact and outcomes. The essay also describes how each of the evaluation process holds an importance in the health promotion programs. There is also an intervention of health promotion in a community setting with a focus on the aim and objectives of the program and a description of the process, impact and outcome of the evaluation in reflecting those aims and objectives. Program referred as group of complementary and related activities intended for achieving specific results or outcomes. For instance, shopping skill classes, demonstrations for healthy cooking and community gardens can be program components developed for the improvement of nutritional status of families with low income (Eldredge et.al 2016). However, evaluation of program described as the systematic reporting, analysis and gathering of data regarding a program for assistance in decision-making. Through the process of evaluation, one can also get access to information that is required for improving the effectiveness of efforts for health promotion. The practitioners for health promotion undertake evaluation of health promotion programs for collection of evidence on the impact or effectiveness of the program. They also undertake evaluation of health programs in order to be accountable to the stakeholders and to clients, funders, staff, community and volunteers (Bauman and Nutbeam 2013). The evaluation of the health promotion program is also important for identifying ways for improving the program. Evaluation also helps the health practitioners in understanding ways that work and the reason for which some ways that does not work. The assessment of needs for the target population understood through the process of evaluation. The process of evaluation of health promotion programs also helps in the improving of the use of the program materials and for comparing the program planned with other health promotion programs. The evaluation of the health promotion program done for accessing the efficiency of the program and at the same time testing a hypothesis needed for the purpose of research. Initially program evaluation done for determining the effectiveness of the program but today the evaluation done for ensuring continuous improvement of quality. The common factor observed amongst American Indians is that they experience significant disparities in health disparities compared to the population in United States in General. Therefore, there have been steps taken for a Healthier Anishinaabe program for implementation of health promotion activities in multiple communities of American Indians in Michigan. Thus, through evaluation of this Health Promotion Program it becomes easier in decreasing the impact of chronic diseases on the health of Michigans American Indian health (Edgerly et.al 2009). Thus, through the article one can understand that evaluation of health promotion programs are an effective approach in the reduction of health disparities amongst the population. The evaluation of program categorized into three main categories based on when the evaluation took place and the kind of information collected. The first is the Process Evaluation that is type of evaluation mainly focused on programs already implemented. This technique of evaluation examines the task and procedures necessary in providing a program. In process evaluation, there is tracking of the quantity and at the same time description of the people followed (Moore et.al 2015). This type of evaluation also helps in keeping a track of the type and quantity of service provided. This technique of evaluation also provides description of the services provided and the problems faced while the service provided. The process also takes care of the quality of service provided and implementation of evaluation. Thus, process evaluation helps to provide early warning of any problems that might occur in the health promotion program. This type also helps in monitoring how effectively the activitie s and plans of the health promotion program is working. Child obesity interventions should cover different ecological levels including downstream, midstream and upstream for maximum effectiveness. However, there has been a lack of evaluation data for guiding the implementation and development of the efforts. Thus, the article chosen addresses the knowledge gap through data collected through process evaluation for the prevention of child obesity around the world (Pettigrew et.al 2014). The second is the Impact Evaluation that access the changes attributed to particular intervention like a health promotion program one uses. This type of evaluation structured for understanding the change in the outcomes of the participants if the intervention not implemented (Gertler et.al 2016). The evaluation thus involves counter factual analysis, a comparison between the actual happening and the happenings that would take place in the absence of the particular intervention. Impact evaluation thus helps in answering questions related to cause and effect. The impact evaluation also measures the changes that take place in outcome in response to the program. In implementing health promotion program, impact evaluation used for providing evidence for use in funding and policy decisions (Wang 2013). The article discussed here deals with impact evaluation of interventions for international development on health , education, agriculture and social protection concentrated mostly in Southeast Asia, Central and South America, South Asia and East Africa (Cameron, Mishra, and Brown, 2016) The third type of evaluation is the outcome evaluation that helps in the evaluating the program effectiveness in producing change. Outcome evaluations focuses on questions that are difficult and that deals with the whereabouts of the participants of the program and what difference has been made by it (Moldovan 2016). This type of evaluation when used in case of health promotion program helps to determine the degree to which the program has in the behavior of the target population. This type of evaluation also helps to understand whether the program is effective in meeting the objectives. The article provides an evidence of how an outcome evaluation helped in dealing with suicide prevention program put forward by adolescent peer leaders of high school (Wyman et.al 2010) The discussion here is about health promotion program for the prevention and control of stroke in ethnic, minority and black communities who have poor knowledge of stroke issues compared to the general population. There have been several initiatives for improvement of public awareness about the symptoms of stroke where such cases needed treatment on an immediate basis. Nevertheless, there have been cultural barriers put forward thereby enforcing the need for tailored interventions of health promotion interventions that might be effective (Gardois et.al 2014) As a health promotion officer, if process evaluation conducted on this intervention then it will help in addressing the internal validity of prevention of stroke related issues through asserting the degree to which the implementation of the program took place as intended. The process evaluation also helps in monitoring of all the interventional activities and thereby helps in determining the success and sustainability, identifying mechanisms and at the same time look at the facilitators and barriers of implementation (Srensen et. al 2017). Now if the impact evaluation conducted then it will help in determining the change in the outcome of the participants if prevention and control of stroke in case the intervention not implemented (Braun et.al 2013). This would involve a counter factual analysis where there is a need for comparison between the mortality that is actually taking place and the mortality rate in absence of the particular intervention. Through impact evaluation, answers related to the cause and effect answered. The outcome evaluation will suggest whether the minority and black communities are satisfied with the interventions that helped in reducing the mortality rate due to heart diseases. Thus, this type of evaluation in health promotion intervention when used in a community-setting program helps in determining the degree of impact of the program on the behavior of the target population (Levin and Feldman 2012). Outcome evaluation will also helps in understanding whether the program is effective in meeting the objectives. The report concludes by throwing a light on conducting the Process, Impact and Outcome evaluation on a community based health promotion program. There is also discussion about the three types of evaluation and their importance in the health promotion program. The report also describes about the importance of evaluation of the health promotion programs. References: Bauman, A. and Nutbeam, D., 2013.Evaluation in a nutshell: a practical guide to the evaluation of health promotion programs. McGraw Hill. Braun, R., Catalani, C., Wimbush, J. and Israelski, D., 2013. Community health workers and mobile technology: a systematic review of the literature.PloS one,8(6), p.e65772. Cameron, D.B., Mishra, A. and Brown, A.N., 2016. The growth of impact evaluation for international development: how much have we learned?.Journal of Development Effectiveness,8(1), pp.1-21. Edgerly, C.C., Laing, S.S., Day, A.V.G., Blackinton, P.M., Pingatore, N.L., Haverkate, R.T. and Heany, J.F., 2009. Steps to a Healthier Anishinaabe, Michigan. Health Promotion Practice, 10(2_suppl), pp.109S-117S. Eldredge, L.K.B., Markham, C.M., Ruiter, R.A., Kok, G. and Parcel, G.S., 2016.Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach. John Wiley Sons. Gardois, P., Booth, A., Goyder, E. and Ryan, T., 2014. Health promotion interventions for increasing stroke awareness in ethnic minorities: a systematic review of the literature.BMC public health,14(1), p.409. Gertler, P.J., Martinez, S., Premand, P., Rawlings, L.B. and Vermeersch, C.M., 2016.Impact evaluation in practice. World Bank Publications. Heath, G.W., Parra, D.C., Sarmiento, O.L., Andersen, L.B., Owen, N., Goenka, S., Montes, F., Brownson, R.C. and Lancet Physical Activity Series Working Group, 2012. Evidence-based intervention in physical activity: lessons from around the world.The lancet,380(9838), pp.272-281. Levin, R.F. and Feldman, H.R., 2012.Teaching evidence-based practice in nursing. Springer Publishing Company. Moldovan, L., 2016. Training outcome evaluation model.Procedia Technology,22, pp.1184-1190. Moore, G.F., Audrey, S., Barker, M., Bond, L., Bonell, C., Hardeman, W., Moore, L., OCathain, A., Tinati, T., Wight, D. and Baird, J., 2015. Process evaluation of complex interventions: Medical Research Council guidance.bmj,350, p.h1258. Pettigrew, S., Borys, J.M., du Plessis, H.R., Walter, L., Huang, T.T., Levi, J. and Vinck, J., 2014. Process evaluation outcomes from a global child obesity prevention intervention.BMC Public Health,14(1), p.757. Srensen, K., Van den Broucke, S., Fullam, J., Doyle, G., Pelikan, J., Slonska, Z. and Brand, H., 2012. Health literacy and public health: a systematic review and integration of definitions and models.BMC public health,12(1), p.80. Wang, J., 2013. Citation time window choice for research impact evaluation.Scientometrics,94(3), pp.851-872. Wyman, P.A., Brown, C.H., LoMurray, M., Schmeelk-Cone, K., Petrova, M., Yu, Q., Walsh, E., Tu, X. and Wang, W., 2010. An outcome evaluation of the Sources of Strength suicide prevention program delivered by adolescent peer leaders in high schools. American journal of public health, 100(9), pp.1653-1661. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-63297185438774974422020-04-16T02:41:00.001-07:002020-04-16T02:41:02.636-07:00Red Badge Of Courage Essays (1368 words) - The Red Badge Of Courage Red Badge Of Courage The Red Badge of Courage, by Steven Crane, has been proclaimed one of the greatest war novels of all time. It is a story that realistically depicts the American Civil War through the eyes of Henry Fleming, an ordinary farm boy who decides to become a soldier. Henry, who is fighting for the Union, is very determined to become a hero, and the story depicts Henrys voyage from being a young coward, to a brave man. This voyage is the classic trip from innocence to experience. The story starts out with a heated debate between the soldiers. One boy had heard a rumor that the regiment would be moving on to fight a battle the next day. Some of the soldiers agree with this boy, while others think that their regiment will never partake in a real battle. While watching this argument, Henry, the protagonist, decides that he would rather go lay down and think rather then take part in the heated argument between the soldiers. Henry, a simple farm boy, is rather excited when he hears the rumor that they will be fighting soon. It had always been a dream of his to fight in a war, and become a hero, and now his dream was coming true. Henry begins to think about what life was like before he entered the army, and remembers the stories of war he has heard from old veterans. This flashback is very effective in showing how his previous experiences have affected his thoughts on war now. It is blatantly obvious that he is afraid that he will not be able to withstand the pressures of a battle. He keeps telling himself that if he wants to become a hero, he can not run away. He must stick out the battle with the rest of his comrades. While marching along, Henry sees the first corpse he has ever seen. He shows pity for the man, because the dead man had died in such poor conditions. The souls of his shoes were worn bare. When Henry sees the corpse, he begins to wonder if his generals actually know what they are doing. He thinks that the generals are leading him right into a trap, right into the middle of the rebels. Henry deals with his fear of battle by acting arrogant. He acts as if he has been in a thousand battles, and complains about the walking, even though the reader knows that he would rather be walking forever then go to battle at this point in time. It shows one of Henry's defense mechanisms, how he uses his arrogance to hide his innocence. Regiment 304 moves on to battle the next day. Henry becomes very scared, but is too proud to talk to any of the others soldiers about his fears. All the soldiers are very anxious to fight in the war, and Tom and Henry talk about how they are not going to run away from war, and how they want to become big time war heroes. This is ironic, because in the end of the book their wishes come true. When the battle starts, all the soldiers get very anxious and nervous. Tom and Henry don't turn out to be as brave as they think that they could be. While hiding, Tom finds Henry, and gives him a manila envelope of letters for his family. Tom believes that this will be his first and his last battle. Henry ends up fulfilling his worst nightmare. Instead of sticking out the battle with the rest of his regiment, he hides behind some brush in order to spare himself from dying. He listens in on the battle, and to much of his surprise, he hears cheering from what's left of his regiment. He then takes off into the woods in anger. While running through the woods his conscience begins to speak to him. His conscience calls him a coward, and a deserter. Out of guilt, Henry runs back to the battle site, and meets again with his regiment. These actions showed Henry's maturity, and desire to be a war hero. When Henry meets up his regiment and older tattered man begins to have a discussion with him. The old man asks Henry "where yeh hit, ol' boy?" meaning, where he got shot. With massive feelings of guilt, Henry shrugs away from the man and runs back into the woods. From behind a tree, he looks at all the wounded soldiers. "At times he regarded prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-64719710134806105342020-03-13T00:53:00.001-07:002020-03-13T00:53:03.059-07:00Farewell to the king essaysFarewell to the king essays When I first watched Farewell to the King, I simply thought that it was just the story of how an American GI, through a series of unusual circumstances, became the king of Borneo and then was forced to lead his tribe into a war that he no longer wanted any part of. Upon further analysis, it became evident that this was really the story of Nigel Fairborn who comes into the story with a strong sense of British superiority, loyalty to the King of England and the desire to be a successful military leader. As the story unfolds, Nigel becomes less aware of his superiority, is torn between his loyalty to England and his new found loyalty to King Learoyd, and the reality that he is no longer able to lead. It is evident that Nigels character represents an attitude of British superiority. It is not by accident that the only soldier that accompanies him to Borneo is his radio operator named Tinker, a black man from Africa. In two scenes the viewers attention is directed to the racial difference. The first time is when the two of them are brought before King Learoyd. When Nigel discovers that the tribes king is white, he makes the comment that he is as white as we are. As he says it, he turns to Tinker. Tinkers face displays an expression as if to say, what do you mean by that? Nigels expression changes from that of amazement to that which says, well you know what I mean. This shows that when Nigel made the comment, Tinker was not part of we as he perceived it. Or more specifically, Tinker was something less because he was not white. Next is a scene where Nigel and Tinker are standing in the river rinsing their clothes. They are discussing the situation and Nigel tells tinker that he should not let the seemingly utopian life lure him in, Nigel says, remember you are British. Tinker responds by saying that he is not British, but African. Finally there is one more scene that fo... prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-472468588430355692020-02-25T15:17:00.001-08:002020-02-25T15:17:02.797-08:00Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3Philosophy - Essay Example He prioritizes the realistic form of visual arts rather than the abstract form (Wolff 323). There are different points in the view presented by Tolstoy. The view regarding the importance of the representation and expression of culture and morality in the artworks is a very important aspect of viewing the significance of art. This can be attributed to the fact that the artworks being a product of human beingââ¬â¢s creativity and experiences can ultimately represent his true nature. Culture and norms encapsulate the experiences of human beings. Thus, what Tolstoy expressed in his view is correct. On the other hand, the definition of art cannot be limited by the number of people who can relate and appreciate the price of artwork. When he Tolstoy said that the best art is the most widely accessible art because it can better communicate with audience, he limits the capability of the people who observes the artwork to realism. He is right about the subjectivity of beauty but he can be wrong because his view stressed the failed to recognize that viewing art is subjective. Even the culture and morality that he is using as a guideline for his judgment can be subjective. In conclusion then, if Tolstoy is right about judging that the best art is the most widely accessible ones, why do surrealists and other unconventional artists still being appreciated? It is because their works also mirror the realities of life. Every product of human creativity on a personal point of view represents culture, thus, even in the absence of beauty or reality in the picture that is painted, it is still considered as art. Being the best or the worst art is judged only by subjectivity of the Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 19 Philosophy - Essay Example Humans therefore must carry out all actions and functions that make them into human beings and distinguish them from animals. Aristotle concludes that what distinguishes human beings from animals is their capacity of rational thinking. We are therefore happy as human beings when we do well what makes us human and distinguishes us from other species. But to seek happiness and fulfillment is not all that makes us human ââ¬â human beings are also inherently very social beings and are political animals (Politics I.2) who seek to live in communities. Aristotle thinks that the state is the highest form of community, but at this point we should bear in mind that at his time the form of state and government Aristotle was most familiar with was the Greek polis, or city state, a relatively small entity both in geographic terms and in terms of population size. To Aristotle the polis encompasses all other human associations, from the family nucleus to clans to trade associations. A polis must have a constitution by which the lives of all citizens are organized and it must have a ruler, or law giver. It is important that the polis aims to achieve the highest good for all its citizens. In turn, as human beings are political animals, they can only achieve the good life by organizing themselves as citizens in a state. Citizenship may include holding a public office or serving as an administrator, but always includes some form of direct involvement and service rendered to the polis. Aristotle has three steps in mind, according to the age of a citizen: at a young age a citizen should serve as a soldier to defend his state, in middle age he should hold a public or administrative office and as an older citizen he should carry out religious duties. Citizens should be awarded for their efforts depending how much they have contributed to the running of the state. Aristotle warns against excess in any form and advocates moderation and inclusiveness. The rich and the poor should prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-14978999054107470722020-02-09T08:04:00.001-08:002020-02-09T08:04:02.891-08:00Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 33Personal Statement - Essay Example Therefore, I have decided to take a step to pursue the next level of education in order to continue acquiring more knowledge that is beneficial to the society and me. In this case, in order to realize my full potential, I had to apply in one of the best institutions offering the PhD program that I need to proceed with pursuing of my academic goals. After identifying this institution, I had to apply hoping that I stand a chance to be one of your students, having met all the requirements for pursuing the program. Knowledgeà acquired from my degree and masterââ¬â¢s program has facilitated interaction with different people and sharing of relevant ideas with them. After graduating in 2002, I worked as an English teacher under the ministry of education until 2006. Later in 2009, I joined the Arab Open University, where I became a part-time lecture until 2010. During the same year, I worked with the Training center of public security as a part time English Instructor. I later joined Taif University under the ministry of higher education working as English lecturer. Therefore, throughout this career path, I have faced challenges, which serve as a source of inspiration to acquire more knowledge in the field, in order to develop other ways of dealing with the problems in my field. In this case, I believe that by pursuing the PhD program, I will be able to acquire more knowledge that will benefit others people and me. I have spent a significant part of my life acquiring knowledge, and spending time and energy on gaining experience in the field of linguistics. I had set objectives such as laying a good foundation of knowledge by acquiring basics from the degree program, which facilitated achievement my long-term goals to pursue my PhD program. Therefore, through this way, I have been able to learn and cope with the rate of changes occurring in this field. In this case, my perception towards achievement of career objective is not about making a good living, but has prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-10678480480467409872020-01-30T06:22:00.001-08:002020-01-30T06:22:03.833-08:00Ethnic Background Essay Example for Free Ethnic Background Essay My name is Stephanie Flowers and until this class assignment I never thoughtfully considered what my actual ethnic background was. After looking up the meaning of my last name I found it to be of Welsh origin. This means that I could possibility trace my family roots back to Great Britain. After reading chapter one of Race and Ethnic Relations I discovered that being a part of a certain ethnic background does not mean that you have to be part of that race, but you have to practice the common cultural traditions of that subculture. So based off of my name some people might think that I was English. I grew up with a few household traditions that I consider to be a part of my ethnic background. To begin with, I would consider my family to practice Irish traditions. We always have huge St. Patrickââ¬â¢s Day party at my house that turns into an all-day drinking and eating celebration. I might not know all the reasons behind this celebration and what I consider a part of my family tradition, but it is still a part of my ethnic background in my opinion. Drinking is a big part of being Irish and in my family most celebrations do involve some type of alcohol. In Irish culture it is normal to introduce alcohol to children before the actual drinking age, I think this is good because we grow up with this around us and never take consumption of alcohol to extremes because it such a part of everyday life. I am would also consider myself to be of German ethnicity. My family has a good luck tradition for New Years. We eat pork roast and sauerkraut in hopes that the next year will be filled with lots of happiness and joy. I personally love this tradition and get upset when I sometimes only get to eat this meal once a year. It is one of my top five meals to eat that my grandma cooks. Being from the United States of America I do think that I have picked up so many different traditions from all of the friends that I have had throughout my life. This is why I love living in this country I get to experience so many different cultures and ethnic backgrounds. My boyfriend is of the Catholic religion, his family maintains this culture by attending mass for Christmas, Easter, and whenever they feel the need strengthen their relationship with god. This is the way that they maintain their ethnic background. They are a common group of people who believe the idea that they all share the share cultural heritage. This stems from his Irish background where Catholicism is the main religion practiced in that country. So to me this is the way to stay in touch with being from Ireland even though they now live in America. My cousin Rachael is half Mexican. Her mom was an immigrant and came to this country to start a better life. I love getting to go to their house in Texas; her mom makes the best Mexican dishes. What I have noticed from her Mexican culture and ethnicity is that food is a way of bringing the family together, it is a time of bonding in their household. I believe that by cooking traditional Mexican food it keeps her in touch with her roots and makes her feel better connected to her homeland. After doing this assignment I am very interested in doing more research on my family roots and discovering more about who and where I came from. Like it says on the Ancestry. com commercial, ââ¬Å"you donââ¬â¢t have to know what youââ¬â¢re looking for; you just have to start looking. â⬠So thatââ¬â¢s what I am going to start doing. Also, I would like to conduct interviews with the elderly people in my family and possibility start filling out my family tree, which would be an easy way to connect the dots of my family history. I will still continue to maintain my Irish and German background by drinking on St. Patrickââ¬â¢s Day and eating pork roast and sauerkraut. I am very proud to be an American and I wish I didnââ¬â¢t take all of the rights that I have in this country for granite. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-70300693440589547622020-01-22T02:46:00.001-08:002020-01-22T02:46:03.159-08:00Sylvia Plaths Poem Daddy Essay -- Sylvia Plath Daddy Poetry Poem EssaSylvia Plath's Poem "Daddy" Overbearing fathers who dominant their childrenââ¬â¢s lives dispose of comfort and security and instead cause irreversible damage. Sylvia Plath writes about her own experiences dealing with her authoritarian father in ââ¬Å"Daddy.â⬠In this poem, Plath utilizes literary devices like allusion, child-like diction, and dualistic organization to communicate her bitterness in this theme of resentment and scorn. Plathââ¬â¢s usage of allusion calls the reader to bring their own knowledge to the poem. She uses this device so that the reader can recall information without Plath needing to fully state the scenario. One of the first allusions which Plath uses is in the first stanza when she writes ââ¬Å"black shoe in which I have lived like a foot.â⬠She alludes to the nursery rhyme of the old woman who lived in a shoe. In the end of the nursery rhyme, the old woman ââ¬Å"whips [her children] all soundly and sends them to bed,â⬠comparing to Plathââ¬â¢s own experience with an emotionally distant father. She communicates his preoccupation with discipline and neglect of care and supp... prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-14364347967032521062020-01-13T23:10:00.001-08:002020-01-13T23:10:04.053-08:00Elements of Fiction in Dandelion WineEasily Mistaken Imagine, a killer is on the loose in your own town and he is known for murdering young woman in the ravine that splits the town in half. You and your friends decide to go see a movie and you know that by the time that you get out it will be dark and youââ¬â¢ll have to walk down the ravine to your house all alone, which earlier that day your own friend was found dead in, what do you do? This is the decision Lavinia Nebbs is faced with in the book Dandelion Wine by Ray Bradbury.Many elements in the story create lots of suspense; three would be setting, foreshadowing and characterization. The setting played a huge role in the success of the suspense in the story. Since the ravine where the bodies were found split the town, Lavinia was forced to cross it to get home since she decided to not stay with her friends and her safety was questioned. ââ¬Å"The ravine was deep black and black black! And the world was gone behind, the world of safe people in bed, the locked doo rs, the town, the drugstore, the theater, the lights, everything was goneâ⬠(73).The words used to describe this dark, lonely ravine makes the reader feel as if they were right there standing with Lavinia seeing, hearing and feeling everything thatââ¬â¢s going on, along with whatââ¬â¢s in her head. Itââ¬â¢s scary to think of being alone with not a soul in sight and knowing that thereââ¬â¢s possibly a killer out there just waiting. ââ¬Å"Lavinia Nebb walked alone down the midnight street, down the late summer silence. She saw houses with dark windows and far away heard a dog barkingâ⬠(72).This is also a good example of the description of the setting because the reader can tell how alone she really was do to no one else in town wanting to go out at night with the Lonely One roaming around. It sounds almost like Lavinia is in a deserted town with just her and the ravine. The way Bradbury incorporated nature into the setting also gave it a little more of a spooky feel. ââ¬Å"The crickets were listening. The night was listening to her. For a change all of the far summer-night meadows and close summer trees were suspending motionâ⬠(75). This use of personification creates a feeling of uncertainty for the reader.The way that he gives the plants and animals human like qualities and says they are ââ¬Å"listeningâ⬠to her makes the night sound even more gloomy and eerie. The use of foreshadowing also helped to create suspense in the story. At the beginning of the story when the neighbors said ââ¬Å"Wonââ¬â¢t catch us out on no night like this, not with the Lonely One strangling women. Lock ourselves up in our closets with a gunâ⬠(64). It gives the reader a little bit of an idea of what might come up in the story, even though the Lonely One only usually strikes once a month and their friend Elizabeth was already found that day.Also knowing that Lavinia will be walking home alone, it causes the reader to worry if sheââ¬â¢l l make it home alive or not. Then when they were all at the theater and the manager asks them to leave as soon as the movie was over sounded a little suspicious as well. ââ¬Å"The police have asked us to close early tonight so everyone can be out at a decent hourâ⬠(69). This shows that even the police know that anything is possible with a murderer and they donââ¬â¢t just have a specific time that they can or canââ¬â¢t commit a murder so they want everyone in town to be safe. Yet even this doesnââ¬â¢t stop Lavinia from wanting to walk home alone.The ladies didnââ¬â¢t listen to the manager either, instead of going straight home they stopped by the drug store on the way. ââ¬Å"Man sitting at the counter watched you walk out. Said to me ââ¬ËWhoââ¬â¢s that? ââ¬â¢ Why thatââ¬â¢s Lavinia Nebbs, prettiest maiden lady in town, I saidâ⬠(69). The store manager also told Lavinia and her friends that the stranger asked where she lived and he told him where. Itââ¬â¢s assumable that this stranger could quite possibly be the Lonely One and even with that thought in mind Lavinia still decides sheââ¬â¢ll be okay walking alone with full knowledge that a stranger, possibly a killer, knows where sheââ¬â¢ll be.The last element that created suspense in the story was characterization. The main character Lavinia was portrayed as a fearless, risk taker, whoââ¬â¢s overly confident and has no common sense. She felt too safe in a town with a murderer running around and her careless actions could have cost her life. ââ¬Å"ââ¬â¢Itââ¬â¢s early. Lonely One wonââ¬â¢t be out tilââ¬â¢ late. ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (65). This is a quote from Lavinia herself, which alone proves her stupidity. A murderer doesnââ¬â¢t just have a certain time that they check to see and make sure itââ¬â¢s not too late or early, if they want to kill someone theyââ¬â¢ll do it no matter the time.It wasnââ¬â¢t smart of her to just assume that he wouldnâ⠬â¢t be out early, especially if it was still dark even though it wasnââ¬â¢t that late in the day. ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËLonely One wonââ¬â¢t kill three ladies,ââ¬â¢ said Lavinia, ââ¬ËThereââ¬â¢s safety in numbersââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (68). She uses the saying ââ¬Å"thereââ¬â¢s safety in numbersâ⬠when she knows eventually she would be walking alone, therefore she completely contradicts herself. Just to be walking down a ravine alone at night takes no common sense let alone doing it when your own friend just got murdered there and a stranger asked who you are and where you live.She also puts on a fearless act when sheââ¬â¢s around her friends but when it came down to her being alone and scared her thoughts ate away at her. ââ¬Å"ââ¬ËOh bosh the police,ââ¬â¢ laughed Lavinia, ââ¬ËIââ¬â¢m not afraid of anythingââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ (70). She says that she isnââ¬â¢t afraid but the second sheââ¬â¢s walking alone down the ravine she catches herself almost runnin g down the steps and swears that she hears someone following her. She then even starts praying to God, and panicking, saying that sheââ¬â¢ll never do that again if he just lets her live. Yet when she was with her friends it was as if there was nothing wrong at all.The fact that the story takes place in a town split by a ravine, the hints that the author gives, and how the main character Lavinia changes her attitude completely throughout the story created suspense in Dandelion Wine. The ravine was scary because it was so dark, long and empty, also the murders had been committed in it. The foreshadowing the author used put different thoughts in the readerââ¬â¢s mind of who could be the killer and if Lavinia was going to be the next victim. Also, the decisions she made by not staying with her friends and walking home alone made you wonder if she would even make it there.. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-75641870180205690672020-01-05T19:31:00.001-08:002020-01-05T19:31:04.405-08:00Uprooting terrorism in Pakistan Essay - 563 Words Policymaking Decision-making process in antiterrorism has gone through a long way in Pakistan. From being merely a national initiative to one that weakens bilateral and international responsibilities of a state. The definition of terrorist acts has also broadened over the years and so has the legal implements to prosecute such acts. Legally the state is well equipped to deal with the terrorism, but due to incompetency in infrastructure, resources and friction between stakeholders, it has been unsuccessful in uprooting terrorism. The major inconsistencies in Policymaking exist between the military regimes and the democratic governments. Military regimes followed a more ââ¬Å"mono-faceted approachâ⬠that relied exclusively on the use of force.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The role of civil society and media in showing viability of anti-terrorism efforts in Pakistan has yet to be utilized to its full potential. The actions carried out by governments are often labeled as means to gratify the external powers, specifically the U.S. Thus the dilemma remains how to suffocate terrorists politically, morally, socially and legally? Role of the Urban Planner In the realm of urban planning, anti-terrorism struggles need rational prioritization. These efforts include elements of design, structural hardening, technology and operational policies, to help prevent, mitigate and facilitate a desired response in the event of a terrorism attack (Coaffee, 2003; FEMA, 2003; Kozlow and Sullivan, 2000; Nadel,2004). The analysis by which security needs are defined is referred in many sources as risk assessment. Which consist of; (1) threat analysis which defines the level of threat to a facility by evaluating the intent, motivation, and possible tactics of potential offenders;(2) asset analysis that identifies and prioritizes the asset to be protected according to its nature, value, location and how, when, and by whom it is accessed and used; and (3) vulnerability analysis which defines the weaknesses of a facility in its design, construction, operation and location (AIA, 2001). The foundation to the modern crime preventionShow MoreRelatedColonialism And Imperialism1836 Words à |à 8 Pagesdivision of Indian Subcontinent by the British Empire in terms of religion in 1947 prolonged socio-political unrest between India and Pakistan and harvested war and enmity which exists till now. However, the most significant role of colonialism was to abolish the slave trade from its colonies. Even though Karl Marx (1853) criticizes the British colonialism for uprooting Indian (in his terms, ââ¬ËHisdostanââ¬â¢) agriculture and manufacturing industry, yet he agreed that the colonialism has brought about ââ¬ËtheRead MoreLittle America: The War Within the War for Afghanistan2054 Words à |à 8 PagesZone, one of the New York Timesââ¬â¢s 10 best books of year 2007. Interestingly the author was a guest speaker at the USAWC and presented his thoughts to the students of class of AY 14. His talk at the USAWC and relevance of situation in Afghanistan to Pakistan prompted me to select his book ââ¬Å"Little Americaâ⬠for writing the critical book report. Mr. Chandrasekarans thesis is that the Afghans could have prospered in their own terms and The United States could have achieved its objectives if the United prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-35387622274668495732019-12-28T15:56:00.001-08:002019-12-28T15:56:03.745-08:00Correlations between Creativity and Mental Illness Essay Several scientific studies have demonstrated correlations between creativity and mental illness, including bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Even though the association between bipolar disorder and creativity first appeared in literature in the 1970s, the idea of a link between madness and genius is actually much older. It goes back at least to the time of Aristotle and the Ancient Greeks, when it was believed that creativity came from the gods, and in particular the Muses, the mythical personifications of the arts and sciences. More recently, the idea of a complete work of art emerging without conscious thought or effort was supported in the Romantic era. beliefs on the creative inspiration of the artistâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The capacity to be creative, to produce new concepts, ideas, inventions, objects or art, is perhaps the most important attribute of the human brain. We know very little, however, about the nature of creativity or its neural basis. Some important ques tions include: how should we define creativity? How is it related (or unrelated) to high intelligence? What psychological processes or environmental circumstance cause creative insights to occur? How is it related to conscious and unconscious processes? What is happening at the neural level during moments of creativity? How is it related to health or illness, and especially mental illness? The first step in studying creativity is to define what it is. One of the first issues that must be addressed is the relationship between creativity and high intelligence. Since the same word, genius, is often used to refer to people who are highly creative and also to people who are highly intelligent, a common assumption is that creativity and high intelligence are the same thing. This, however, is a misconception. The ability to express and control our own emotions is important, but so is our ability to understand, interpret, and respond to the emotions of others. Psychologists refer to this ability as emotional intelligence. According to the Cambridge Dictionary online, Emotional Intelligence (EI) refers to the ability to perceive, control and evaluateShow MoreRelatedThe Correlation between Creativity and Madness1594 Words à |à 7 PagesThere lies a link between creativity and madness and the association stems from the need of an unconventional thought process to spark creativity and biological factors surrounding the brains of both creative individuals, and mentally ill patients. Could it be Madness? A correlation between a more creative individual and a mentally ill patient exists, and it is highly likeable that the former could be the latter. The issue of whether great mental abilities, whether itââ¬â¢s creativity in crafts such asRead MoreThe Genius And Mental Illness1332 Words à |à 6 Pages Artistic Genius and Mental Illness The path from mental illness to creative genius in many artists and writers has long been a topic of research and discussion. Researchers believe they are now gaining new clues about the mysterious link between highly creative individuals and mental disorders, most commonly manic depression. The National Institute on Mental Health estimates that manic depression, also called bipolar disorder, affects about 2 million Americans. Many scientists believe that aRead More Kay Redfield Jamisons Touched With Fire: Manic Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temeprament994 Words à |à 4 PagesKay Redfield Jamisons Touched With Fire: Manic Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temeprament In Touched with Fire: Manic Depressive Illness and the Artistic Temperament, Kay Redfield Jamison explores the compelling connection between mental disorders and artistic creativity. Artists have long been considered different from the general population, and one often hears tales of authors, painters, and composers who both struggle with and are inspired by their madness. Jamisons text exploresRead MoreA First Rate Madness : Uncovering The Links Between Leadership And Mental Health1033 Words à |à 5 PagesA First-Rate Madness: Uncovering the Links Between Leadership and Mental Health By Nassir Ghaemi Inverse Law of Sanity: ââ¬Å"This book argues that in at least one vitally important circumstance insanity produces good results and sanity is a problem. In times of crisis, we are better off being led by mentally ill leaders than mentally normal ones.â⬠(Pg. 3, intro) Dr. Ghaemi attempts to draw a connection between leadership and mental illness in his book, A First-Rate Madness. He uses historical figuresRead More The Link between Creativity and Mental Disorder Essay1020 Words à |à 5 Pages Creativity Creativity is the sole heart of modernization, technology and the arts. Without creativity, humanity would still thrive in caves. There is no argument against creativity being an important aspect of our society, there is, however, a question whether creativity is spawned by mental disorder. Albert Einstein came up with ideas that seemed impossible or eccentric. Froyds psychology theorems were laughed at, but now widely used and accepted. Both men were highly successful withRead MoreMusician Suicide1512 Words à |à 7 Pagescelebrities. one of the most famous cases happened 20 years ago when lead singer of Nirvana Kurt Cobain took his own life, leaving many fans and psychologists wondering why. Itââ¬â¢s a phenomenon that has many questioning if there is a positive correlation between being a musicians and being prone to committing suicide as well as the reasons why. In Sheila M. Eldredââ¬â¢s article ââ¬Å"Why Are Musicians More Prone to Suicide?â⬠she looks at a theory proposed by Steve Stack, a suicidal researcher, and ChristineRead MoreAnxiety And Other Mood Disorders1460 Words à |à 6 Pagesfluctuations between both depressive and manic episodes, or lows and highs. I am also going to include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in our mood disorder category because there are ââ¬Å"lifetime diagnoses of anxiety and depression that show extensive comorbidityâ⬠, or in more simple terms, there is a high chance that someo ne who has anxiety will also have depression and vice versa (Mineka, 1998, p.382). Now that we know what mood disorders are we can look at their relationship with art and creativity. ThereRead MoreMood Disorders : Their Influence And Portrayal Of Art1466 Words à |à 6 Pagesfluctuations between both depressive and manic episodes, or lows and highs. I am also going to include generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in our mood disorder category because there are many diagnoses of depression and anxiety that show extensive comorbidity, or in more simple terms, there is a high chance that someone who has anxiety will also have depression and vice versa (Mineka, 1998, p.382). Now that we know what mood disorders are we can look at their relationship with art and creativity. ThereRead MoreA Brilliant Madness about John Forbes Nash Essay1458 Words à |à 6 Pagesââ¬Å"To some extent insanity is a form of conformity; people are always selling the idea that people who have mental illness are suffering. But itââ¬â¢s really not so simpleâ⬠¦I think mental illness or madness can be an escape alsoâ⬠(qtd. in ââ¬Å"John Forbes Nashâ⬠). To many ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠people, the terms ââ¬Å"insanityâ⬠or ââ¬Å"madnessâ⬠portray a negative connotation-- the unfortunate ones ââ¬Å"sufferâ⬠from mental illness. However, brilliant mathematician and Nobel laureate John Forbes Nash, who has paranoid schizophrenia, cherishesRead MoreThe Link Between Creativity and Bipolar Disorder, Annotated Bibliography854 Words à |à 4 PagesTHE LINK BETWEEN CREATIVITY AND BIPOLAR DISORDER The Link Between Creativity and Bipolar Disorder Creativity is related with bipolar disorder is a popular assumption. The fact that many creative people, including Van Gogh, Ernest Hemingway, Leo Tolstoy, and Sylvia Plath, suffered from some kind of mental disorders triggers that idea. Psychologists have been interested in this contingent link for decades. In this paper, after defining both terms, I examine three articles that report prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-76743659371190201902019-12-20T11:45:00.001-08:002019-12-20T11:45:04.570-08:00The Artificial Model Of Natural Selection - 1440 Words The Artificial Model of Natural Selection Since Charles Darwin raised the concept of natural selection, all generations have been enlightened with the idea of the ââ¬Å"preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [â⬠¦] useful in some ways to each being in the great and complex battle of life (Darwin, 1). However, only the most recent generations have heard about something called genetic modification that in some cases we donââ¬â¢t understand, but whose effects have been increased in our daily life. The innumerable advances that science had reached in genetic aspects, made us think that there arenââ¬â¢t insurmountable limits to humans. At the same time it causes questions about the dangers they may offer in an increasingly, curious society. In general terms, Genetic manipulation refers to ââ¬Å"any of a variety sophisticated techniques for the creation of recombinant DNA and, in many cases, its subsequent introduction into living cells.â⬠(Das 1). It implies a fusion between the natural composition of pure matter and the implanted characteristics as a consequence of that which human beings consider appropriate to improve the kind. Thus, through a genetic management, human beings are trying to recreate a process of natural selection in which favorable conditions are preferred in the relationship of individuals with their environment, and allowing those conditions be incorporated over time. In animals Genetic engineering is a process that consists of insertingShow MoreRelatedThe Artificial Model Of Natural Selection Essay1866 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Artificial Model of Natural Selection Since Charles Darwin raised the concept of natural selection, all generations have been enlightened with the idea of the ââ¬Å"preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [â⬠¦] useful in some ways to each being in the great and complex battle of life.â⬠(Darwin, 1). However, only the most recent generations have heard about something called genetic modification that in some cases we donââ¬â¢t understand, but whose effects have beenRead MoreThe Artificial Model Of Natural Selection1883 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Artificial Model of Natural Selection Since Charles Darwin raised the concept of natural selection, all generations have been enlightened with the idea of the ââ¬Å"preservation of favorable variations and the rejection of injurious variations [â⬠¦] useful in some ways to each being in the great and complex battle of life.â⬠(Darwin, 1) However, only the most recent generations have heard about something called genetic modification that in some cases we donââ¬â¢t understand, but whose effects have been increasedRead MoreArtificial Selection And Natural Selection942 Words à |à 4 PagesArtificial Selection is much different than natural selection but can have similar advantageous effects. Selection has profound effects on populations and has the ability to modify forms and behaviors of living things to the point that they look and act very unlike their ancestors. Artificial selection provides a model that helps us understand natural selection. It is a small step to envision natural conditions acting selec tively on populations and causing natural changes. (Takashi, 2014.) ByRead MoreThe Evolutionary Change Under Strong Selective Pressures1257 Words à |à 6 Pagesprogress, it was not until the research of Dmitry K. Belyaev that we began to unravel the early stages of domestication. Assuming that these initial stages involved selection on behavior, Belyaev conducted an experimental study that placed strong selective pressures on tamability. Using the fox, Vulpes vulpes, as a model, this artificial selection developed an experimental population that expressed behavioral, morphological, and physiological characteristics of domesticated species (Belyaev 1969). UnderRead MoreThe Diversity Of Living Things1613 Words à |à 7 PagesEvolution 1.Advantages of Artificial Selection: -It creates new genes for plants and animals. -Animals can produce more products ex. Pigs can be bred to be bigger in size; cows can be bred to produce more milk, etc. -Farmers and breeders will get better business. Farmers will be able to produce bigger and better plants, while breeders will be able to create new types of animals. -Can create stronger and faster animals and unlimited to the options of artificial selection, meaning you can combine whateverRead MorePersuasive Essay On Rights Of Nature1607 Words à |à 7 PagesCedric Quintana Prof Cassidy Litle Eng 122-008 July 15, 2017 Rights of Nature We must take care of our environment by continually educating our youth on natural selection and the four laws of ecology, and supporting environmental movements that recognize the rights of nature. Impacts of climate change are increasingly felt by Earthââ¬â¢s inhabitants including us, humans. The current warming, which is only one degree Celsius, has affected different ecological processes such as ââ¬Å"speciesââ¬â¢ genetics, seasonalRead MoreGenetic Algorithms And Its Applications Of Cyber Security1709 Words à |à 7 Pagesof science and engineering as versatile algorithms for tackling functional issues and as computational models of common developmental frameworks. In the latest couple of decades, this procedure with advancement of cutting edge development has accomplished something new. Introduction: ââ¬Å"Li [3] describes genetic algorithm as a family of computational models based on evolution and natural selection.â⬠ââ¬Å"Bobor [4] has defined a genetic algorithm as a programming technique, which mimics biological evolutionRead MoreCMGT556 Week 1 Individual Assigment Essay754 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿ Artificial Intelligence Vita Olmsted CMGT/556 - Enterprise Models June 24, 2014 Jeffrey McDonough Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science, which concentrates on the intelligence of machines, and involves applying the principles of reasoning, knowledge planning, learning, communication, perception, and controlling objects to emulate the human brain. The most recognizable AI application is robotics from Hollywood cinema, and includes films suchRead More Artificial Intelligence and Investing Essay1648 Words à |à 7 PagesArtificial Intelligence and Investing INTRODUCTION Artificial intelligence can be defined as the ability of a computer to perform activities normally considered to require human intelligence. The techniques of this intelligence include knowledge-based, machine learning, and natural language processing techniques. Investing can be defined as the act of committing money to an endeavour with the exception of obtaining profit. Investing activities require data identification, asset valuation (theRead MoreEconomic Dispatch : An Optimization Problem For Economic Intermitation Methods1494 Words à |à 6 Pagesin the ED model. The MAED problem is much complex due to the practical operational constraints such as valve point loading effect(VPL), prohibited operating zones (POZ) along with tie power flow limit constraints, which make the system highly nonlinear. Therefore it requires a powerful optimization approach to solve these types of problems. Various bio-inspired algorithms have become popular to solve complex mathematical functions in the past decades [5]. The natural selection and meta- prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-42711198297016865552019-12-12T08:16:00.001-08:002019-12-12T08:16:03.401-08:00Accounting Theory Greening Fish Farming Question: Describe about the Accounting Theory for Greening Fish Farming. Answer: 1. In the provided case study, it is clearly observed that the company Bio-Sustainable Feeds Ltd focuses on their CSR activities in order to improve the sustainability of the organization. The research and the development department of Bio-Sustainable Feeds Ltd focus for the reduction of usage of natural resources and thereby the garbages are used for the preparation of fish feed in the organization of Bio-Sustainable Feeds Ltd (B. Rust, 2011). The company with the help of the business activities, improves the environmental impact and henceforth able to create social acceptance. 2. Particulars Debit ($) Credit ($) Grant 500 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization 500 Alternative aquaculture feeds 100 Cash 100 Research 500 cash 500 Development cost 200 cash 200 Patent 700 Cash 700 The journal shows the cash received and the incurred expenses by the company Bio-Sustainable Feeds Ltd from the year 2013 to 2016. 3. The cost that was estimated for the research is about $160 million AUD and another cost that is estimated for bringing it to the market in the form of patent is about $200 million AUD. By selling the patent at $500 million AUD to the company CSIRO, the company BSF Ltd gained the entire amount with profit (Chung, 2016). The discount rate of the project is 8% per annum. The market value of the patent is about $700 AUD. Henceforth the determination also helps in the evaluation of the growth of company. References Rust, M. (2011).The Future of Aquafeeds. [online] https://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/aquaculture/docs/feeds/the_future_of_aquafeeds_final.pdf. Available at: https://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/aquaculture/docs/feeds/the_future_of_aquafeeds_final.pdf [Accessed 16 Sep. 2016]. Chung, E. (2016).'Greener' fish farming could lead to unhealthier seafood. [online] CBC News. Available at: https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/aquaculture-feed-1.3262922 [Accessed 16 Sep. 2016]. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-14152629432440073362019-12-04T19:57:00.001-08:002019-12-04T19:57:04.209-08:00Governance and Ethics Leading to Financial Distress of Companies Question: Describe about the Governance and Ethics Leading to Financial Distress of Companies. Answer: Introduction: The liquidation of One teal company, ABC learning and the HIH insurance is mainly due to the unethical process and the discussion is about the identification of the unethical process responsible for the companies downfall. These companies conducted unethical measures and novice depicted this. The study conducted helped in evaluating the relevant facts that led to the liquidation. The selected companies had gone into liquidation because flaws in the corporate governance. Furthermore, the recommendation is also provided by the novice, which the companies might inculcate in its culture so that they are able to reduce the unethical process in carrying out their operations. Ethics and corporate governance is very significant due to the success of the company, while if it is ignored can have detrimental effect on the company's health. The corporate governance weakness can result in financial crisis (Murphy 2012). The companies discussed below had the same scenario, where the company misled the stakeholders, which consequently led to the downfall. The business model of the company was unsuitable and this contributed because of the unethical measures incorporated that compelled them to increase huge amount of debts, consequently unable to clear it off and liquidation call. One Tel Phone Company: The collapse of One Tel Company is the classic case of the failed expectations, strategic mistakes, and the wrong pricing policy. One Tel company was the largest telecommunication company in Australia. The practice of the corporate governance was suffering from defects and the fall of the company was mainly attributable to this factor. Weak internal control, poor communication of the board with the management, poor quality of audit, and the board scrutiny relating to the management were the main reasons that led to the collapse of the One Tel phone. The failure of the company provided the lesson on the relevance of the corporate governance (McGarty 2010). Events that led to the liquidation of company: The company followed the strategy of high risks and low yield and this led to the collapse in the market of Australia. The company had deficit in the operating cash and suffered from the low quality of earning the income that was mainly due to the high proportion of accruals and the manipulation by the management. The practice of the corporate governance and the misguided decision of the management in the financial decisions led to the collapse of the company. The directors and the managers failed to exercise their power with due diligence, inadequate independence in the functioning of audit, inappropriate compensation of the management, and creative accounting was some of the reasons associated with the failure of the corporate governance practices. The managing director of the company was giving the repeated assurance about the cash positions and the profitability of the company and he was misleading the market and the shareholders about the cash position of the company by giving t he wrong statement that the company has substantial amount of cash and profits available. The accounts of the company were presented the way he wanted it to be. The directors of the company were receiving the bonus and their basic salary despite the fact that the company reported a loss of $ 291 million (Monem 2011). Role of ethics and governance in analyzing financial distress: The directors mislead the board on the matter of the financial position of the company. The state of billing and the system of collecting the debt was the reason and it accelerated its failure. They used the privilege information gained by the directors at the board meeting for the trading for his own personal gains. The discrepancies in the books of account could not be accounted by the CFO of the company and they have little concern for their employees and the shareholders and the stakeholders. The cash position and the financial performance of the company was not properly assessed and this lead to not able to detect the material misstatement. The financial information available which flows form management to the board was inaccurate as the system was not monitored properly (Revan 2011). Rationale for stating liability as a major factor for liquidation: The executive directors of the company have a choice over the judgment, so that the board of directors favors the deciding and it was manipulated. The public statement made by the directors of the company did not have any factual basis. In order to ensure the liquidity, the management needs to maintain the cash reserve. The accurate and the reliable information would be produced if the system were established that way. The failure of the management on these concerned parts was also the reason behind the failure. The directors of the company had acted in their own personal interest by breaching the rules of the corporate governance and there was active participation by the management seeking the benefits for the shareholders. The directors did not employ their expertise and they did not take any effort in appraising the accounting system, which were needed to collect the payment (Clarke et al. 2003). HIH Insurance Company: One of the biggest financial collapses in the history of the corporate of the Australia was the collapse of the HIH insurance. The risk management system, ineffective corporate governance practices were mainly the factors attributable to the collapse of the company. The auditing and the inferior risk management system of the company were put into question. The poor cash position and the inferior finance resource management were mainly responsible for the collapse as the company was unable to pay the claim to the policyholders of the insurance and the amount of debt it owed (Murphy 2012). The major investment failures of HIH insurance were in the market of UK and US. Events that led to the liquidation of company: The flawed corporate governance leading to HIH collapse: Failure of the corporate governance is the reason behind the corporate bankruptcy as the corporate governance is considered to be of the critical importance. Some of the odd features were presented by the corporate governance practices in the insurance industry. The odd features included the conflict of interest that could not be recognized, the policies concerned were not defined and recorded properly and the management proposals could not be critically analyzed due to the lack of independence (Mak et al.2005). This can be understood by an example; the CEO authorities were not clearly defined in some virtually important areas. The CEO was exercising the control over the management and the board and this was done by the manipulation of the evaluation of the senior executives and the board meetings agenda. The company was not running at the interest of the shareholders rather it was running at the interest of the senior managers. Therefore, the model of the corporate governance was at threat. The strategy concerning the investment decision were neglected by the directors and the another reason which led to the collapse of the HIH insurance was the risk management failure (Mak et al. 2005). Role of ethics and governance in analyzing financial distress: Accounting system is regarded as the element of the corporate governance practices. The accounting system was designed and directed by the management and this was a major contribution to the inherent risks. The Board or the audit committee of the company was comprised of the five non-executive directors. These non-executives director could not examine the judgment independently despite the majority of the directors being independent (Cheng and Seeger 2012). Some of the requirement that the HIH insurance fallen short of was the assurance that the independent directors are directly and properly informed and the assurance of the independence and effectiveness of the audit committee. The audit committee functions were doubtful as the independence of the non-executive directors forming the part of the audit committee suffered from defects. The independent directors could not fulfill their responsibilities with due diligence. The company went into the liquidity position and was unable to clear off its debts. The company had an estimated deficiency of $ 5.3 billion. This was mainly attributable to the flawed and inadequate corporate governance (Allan 2006). Rationale for stating liability as a major factor for liquidation: The companies that collapsed and went into liquidation generally suffered from the defected corporate governance practices. The companies discussed above that is the One Tel company, ABC learning and the HIH Insurance has something in common and the common factor which was responsible for their collapse is the inadequate corporate governance practices which is one of the important determinant in the attaining the success of the companies. However, the liquidity factor cannot be solely regarded as the factor that contributed to the liquidation of the company. However, the companies has good amount of debt to be paid off. The other factors contributed to the collapse were the malpractice by the management and the flaws in the accounting system of the company was the reason and this form the element of the corporate governance (Mirshekary et al. 2005). ABC Learning Company: One of the largest world's childcare providers was ABC learning, and the negligence of fundamental sound accounting resulted in the spectacular downfall. Due to this, the creditors decided wound up the company in the year 2010 and because the company was delisted from the stock exchange. The profits, which the company earned, were it posing a question to the practices, which it followed in accounting. The company left a debt of $2 million dollar when it collapsed, other acquisitions were that it misleads the share market regarding the revenue, which was booked, and used cheap debt facility to create a rapid expansion in Australia, UKand Newzealand. Events that led to the liquidation of company: It suffered from the problem in imparting education in the centre beside it had the problem of acquiring the entire market. The poor educational facilities were because of the inappropriate staffs. Additionallythe percentage of the revenue attributable to the staffs, being 56.7% was less than the nonprofit organization, which had 80% of the revenue attribution to the staffs (McRobert 2009). Role of ethics and governance in analyzing financial distress: The company also suffered illogical ideas. The financial mismanagement including acquiring more debt than the normal acquisition. The financial information given by the company was quiet illogical, there were malpractices used in business by the company for attaining more gain. 72% to 81% of intangible assets comprised the asset section of the balance sheet and those intangible assets comprised ofseveral operating licenses whereas this license did not make any trading sense (Sumsion 2012). Rationale for stating liability as a major factor for liquidation: Moreover, the traders and the investors in the market were drawn by the valuation of operating issues, thereby resulting in increasing the high value and the company was found making fake claims on such licenses. The ABC was using malpractices in maintenance of the accounts , which reduced its share values considerably .Every year the company revaluated the assets , did not cause any material effect of the financial performance of the company . The asset revaluation and its raised amount misled the investors as well. The ABCCompany failed to create enough amount of cash flow for paying the shareholders, dividends and intereststo the shareholders Recommendations: The rules and regulation relating to the practices of the corporate governance would be of great contribution in reducing the unethical measures adopted by the company. Another measures which can be taken by the company to reduce the unethical practices is the monitoring the audit report in a very effective way. The overall corruption in the company has to be reduced by involving the appropriate authorities who would implement the stringent rules to penalize the members involved. One of the ways for the companies to deal with their business, which suffers from the inadequate practices of the corporate governance, is to change their approach and the company needs to care about the shareholders as they have their money invested in the business and should not focus on gaining the market share. Another structural tool to measure the effectiveness of the Board would be to create the board with the support of the independent people. The nomination of the board of directors should be made b y including the shareholders and their appointment should be enhanced. Conclusion: The overall discussion has been made about the unethical practices of the corporate and this was done to boost their share price. The novice effectively analyzes the case of the companies provided here. The facts disclosed leading to their collapse provides the appropriate authorities with the new ideas, which might be incorporated in their governance practices. The conclusion can be made concerning the downfall and collapse of the three chosen companies that inadequate and inappropriate practices of corporate governance led to their collapse. Therefore, the ethics and corporate governance is of critical importance to the success of the company. The liability factor being held responsible for the One Tel Company, HIH Insurance and ABC learning collapse would be partially incorrect. However, managing liability is an important component of the corporate governance practice. Therefore, it can be concluded that the major factors leading to the financial distress of these companies would be the ethics and corporate governance of the concerned entity. Reference: Allan, G., 2006. HIH Collapse: A Costly Catalyst for Reform, The.Deakin L. Rev.,11, p.137. Calomiris, C.W., 1989. Deposit insurance: lessons from the record.Economic Perspectives,13(3), pp.10-30. Cheng, S.S. and Seeger, M.W., 2012. Lessons learned from organizational crisis: Business ethics and corporate communication.International Journal of Business and Management,7(12), p.74. Clarke, F., Dean, G. and Oliver, K., 2003.Corporate collapse: accounting, regulatory and ethical failure. Cambridge University Press. Governanceforstakeholders.com. (2016).The ABC of a corporate collapse | Governance For Stakeholders. [online] Available at: https://governanceforstakeholders.com/2012/12/28/the-abc-of-a-corporate-collapse/ [Accessed 21 Aug. 2016]. Kruger, C., 2009. Lessons to be learnt from ABC Learnings collapse.Sydney Morning Herald, p.24. Mak, K., Deo, H.N. and Cooper, K.A., 2005. Australia's major corporate collapse: Health International Holdings (HIH) Insurance" May the force be with you". McGarty, T.P., 2010.The Imminent Collapse of the Telecommunications Industry. MIT ITC Working Paper. McRobert, A., 2009. ABC Learning Centres Limited-did the annual reports give enough warning?.JASSA, (1), p.14. Mirshekary, S., Yaftian, A.M. and Cross, D., 2005. Australian corporate collapse: The case of HIH Insurance.Journal of Financial Services Marketing,9(3), pp.249-258. Monem, R., 2011. The One. Tel collapse: lessons for corporate governance.Australian Accounting Review,21(4), pp.340-351. Murphy, D., 2012. Corporate Governance: The Conflict Between Money and Morality.Hong Kong LJ,32, p.233. Revans, R., 2011.ABC of action learning. Gower Publishing, Ltd.. Ross, P., Sy, A. and Tinker, T., 2012. ABC Learning: accounting lessons never learned?.International Journal of Critical Accounting,4(1), pp.21-29. Sumsion, J., 2012. ABC Learning and Australian early education and care: a retrospective ethical audit of a radical experiment.Childcare markets local and global: can they deliver an equitable service, pp.209-225. Williams, R., 2010. People in media: The ABC's science show informal learning-or on being found out.Metro Magazine: Media Education Magazine, (53), p.20. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-68614356062591568382019-11-28T06:39:00.001-08:002019-11-28T06:39:03.878-08:00Swot Analysis of McDonaldââ¬â¢s Essay Sample free essay sample A SWOT analysis of McDonalds eating house industry reveals that they have a batch of strengths. failings. chances and menaces. To get down 3 strengths would include trade name names. locations and localized bill of fare options. Brand points of McDonalds maintain the competition from copying their merchandises. for illustration. the happy repast. Big Mac. egg McMuffin are all trade name name points of McDonalds. McDonalds maintains 42 % of the United States beefburger concern. Location is ever cardinal. McDonalds has 32. 478 eating houses in 177 states ( McDonalds. com ) . McDonaldsââ¬â¢ localized bill of fare options adapt to their location. for illustration. in India and the Middle East they serve lamb Burgers. Failings would include employee turnover. monetary value of natural stuffs. fluctuating operating disbursals and net net incomes. Employee turnover will be the industry more in developing new employees. McDonalds is a fast nutrient eating house. they attract the employment of adolescents and immature grownups. The monetary value of natural stuffs such as maize and wheat fluctuate with the economic system. We will write a custom essay sample on Swot Analysis of McDonaldââ¬â¢s Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Rising cost in stuffs. in bend cost the company more. Fluctuating operating and net net incomes from 2007-2009 ranged from 3. 870. 000 in 2007 and 6. 841. 000 in 2009 for their operating disbursal. A big addition in expense cut net incomes ( McDonalds. com. p. 10 ) . Net income for the same old ages was 2. 395. 000 ââ¬â 4. 551. 000 in 2009 ( McDonalds. com. p. 10 ) . Next we look at chances. Many new merchandises are being added to McDonaldââ¬â¢s bill of fare every twelvemonth. [ McDonalds continue to put to death our four growing platforms of breakfast. convience. nucleus bill of fare and value. Comparable gross revenues rose 3. 4 % chiefly due to the on-going impulse of our concern in Australia where multiple enterprises environing menu assortment include the launch of the premium Angus Og Burger. greater convience and staying farther strengthened our trade name relevancy ] ( McDonalds. com. p. 10 ) . Bing able to maintain monetary values down for the clients improved McDonaldââ¬â¢s net income border to 30. 1 % in 2009 ( McDonalds. com. p. 10 ) . Last the option of allergen free nutrient points such as. gluten free and insignificant free is a great chance for McDonaldââ¬â¢s. It open the chance to derive more clients to increase gross. Last are menaces that McDonaldââ¬â¢s have to postulate with. First the consciousness of eating wonts have cut down on people purchasing Burger and french friess. Peoples have become more cognizant of their eating wonts and seek to cut the fats out of their diets. The fleshiness rate in the US grows every twenty-four hours. Second. many new eating houses opening up with low cost. besides offering value menuââ¬â¢s can endanger gross. Third. taint of nutrient such as E Coli would close down concern and as word of oral cavity traveled. people would hold a fright of acquiring ill. They would hold to do certain safety safeguards were followed to forestall this from go oning. Assurance of Learning Exercise 1B 1. Buying competitorsââ¬â¢ refuse ââ¬â E. L2. Dissecting competitorsââ¬â¢ merchandises ââ¬â U. L3. Taking competitorsââ¬â¢ works tours anonymously ââ¬â L. U4. Counting tractor-trailer trucks go forthing competitorsââ¬â¢ lading bays ââ¬â E. L 5. Analyzing aerial exposure of competitorsââ¬â¢ installations ââ¬â E. L 6. Analyzing competitorsââ¬â¢ labour contracts ââ¬â E. L7. Analyzing competitorsââ¬â¢ help-wanted ads ââ¬â E. L8. Quizing clients and purchasers about the gross revenues of competitorsââ¬â¢ merchandises ââ¬â E. L 9. Infiltrating customersââ¬â¢ and competitorsââ¬â¢ concern operations ââ¬â U. I 10. Quizing providers about competitorsââ¬â¢ degree of fabricating ââ¬â E. L 11. Using clients to purchase out bogus commands ââ¬â U. I 12. Promoting cardinal clients to uncover competitory information ââ¬â U. L 13. Quizing competitorsââ¬â¢ former employees ââ¬â U. L14. Interviewing advisers who may hold worked with rivals ââ¬â U. L 15. Hiring cardinal directors off from rivals ââ¬â U. L16. Conducting bogus occupation interviews to acquire competitorsââ¬â¢ employees to uncover information ââ¬â U. I 17. Sending applied scientists to merchandise meetings to test competitorsââ¬â¢ proficient employees ââ¬â U. L 18. Quizing possible employees who worked for or with rivals ââ¬â U. L Assurance of Learning Exercise 1B. ( Steps 1-2 )External Opportunities External Threats 1. Internet Coursea 1. Competing Universities2. Technology in the DLP 2. Other on line classs3. Expand Students spiritualty 3. Federal Support4. School Of Law opening 4. Competition for pupils5. More big pupils come ining college 5. Not plenty degree seeking pupils Internal StrengthsInternal Failings1. Faculty 1. Expanding cultural diverseness of pupils 2. Curriculum 2. Necessitate to to the full integrate engineering 3. Convenient Class agendas 3. Affordability4. Campus Infrastructure 4. Student Recruitment5. Technology 5. Competitive Faculty Wages Assurance of Learning Exercise 1D. ( Step 1-2 ) The website ceoexperess. com has many tools and links to supply up to day of the month and past information on concerns. I feel that the subdivision of this web site that would assist me the most for this category would be the company research subdivision. This subdivision has industry specific hunts. Strategic Management besides deals with study. so the one-year studies subdivision would come in ready to hand. There are many more subdivisions to the company research subdivision that gives a battalion of information. All of this information would be good to my category. I could travel tone site and execute my hunts on a dependable web site. The Standard A ; Poorââ¬â¢s evaluation services is besides in this subdivision. This subdivision would let one to entree corporate services such as recognition evaluations. counter party recognition evaluation and bank loan and recovery evaluation. Research needs to be dependable and this web site is really dependable on company information. There is besides a tip subdivision that has tips on mentioning beginnings. In this subdivision it gives you entree to APA and MLA manners and plagiarism. Becoming aware of the regulations of authorship will maintain your documents your and give recognition to those who deserve the recognition. The different subdivisions have so much information available. The trade subdivision is besides on this site. This would let one to maintain up to day of the month on the trade market. The company research subdivision in bend would supply one with the information that one needs to compose their documents. Ceoexpress webite is non merely and deep well of information. that information is besides dependable. Strategic Management is a really ambitious category. and reading studies from this site gives you a full scope of what the company you are researching is all approximately. This information is updated as information comes in. So you ever have current informations. Mention ( 2009 ) . McDonalds Annual study. Mcdonalds. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. aboutmcdonalds. com/content/dam/AboutMcDonalds/Investors/C- % 5Cfakepath % 5Cinvestors-2009-annual-report. pdf prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-81819812588216094082019-11-24T14:13:00.001-08:002019-11-24T14:13:03.985-08:00Attaining Knowledge despite Bias and Selection EssaysAttaining Knowledge despite Bias and Selection Essays Attaining Knowledge despite Bias and Selection Essay Attaining Knowledge despite Bias and Selection Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: Attaining Knowledge despite Bias and Selection Knowledge refers to the information that a person has, which is acquired through learning, perception or experience. People usually gain knowledge through studying. Some people may argue that this is biased learning, since they do not have a choice concerning what they are learning. They enter into an education system, which has already been designed and selected for them. They therefore, have no choice but to study what they are taught. Knowledge goes through a process of selection, whereby some of the elements, which do not succeed the various tests that are applied to them, are eliminated, and those which succeed are retained (Geisler, 169). Human beings naturally choose what they want to learn. The idea that they have a choice in the matter, gives them the will they need to study. Bias means preference or favor towards a particular thing. Selection means carefully choosing someone or something that seems most suitable. Bias and selection have influenced the information that peop le acquire. I will argue that it is possible to acquire knowledge despite bias and selection by examining history and art. My knowledge claim in history is that it is possible to attain knowledge despite bias and selection. Personally, I think that history is the main political events and structural changes that are especially linked to human affairs. History continues to permeate the society because human beings have the ability to record past events. Bias and selection play a crucial role in this case, since in most cases, people have to depend on memory to record the events. History is biased since not all the events that occurred at a particular time are recorded. Whoever records the events will choose, which accounts he or she considers important to record, and will omit other accounts that seem insignificant. Some of the examples of history include the French Revolution, the shooting of John F. Kennedy, World War I and II, the fall of the Berlin Wall, and the recent account of 9/11. All the events have several things in common. They all happened in the past, they have had a significant impact on ma ny people, and in our country, they have all been documented, they all have different interpretations, they all affected significant people, and they are all traced to a single event. In addition, these events had a significant impact, and they carried heavy consequences, thus they were documented. Art is one of the most difficult terms to define because it has a broad meaning. It has various forms such as visual forms, music and literature. It means different things to different communities. Even people within the same community may differ concerning the true definition of art. The study of art that was created many years ago has revealed certain aspects of the society during the time. It has enabled people to know the culture, traditions, beliefs and practices of the people that lived in a particular time. This is represented in various art forms. A person can attain a lot of knowledge by observing different pieces of art from different periods in history. For instance, there is a clear difference between medieval, renaissance and classical art. By observing the art made by the medieval artists, one learns that religion was more prevalent in the society. The artists were more reserved in the sense that the figures in the paintings were fully clothed. Artists in the renaissanc e period were different, in that they had more freedom. The figures in the paintings were either nude or clothed. They explored the secular as well as the religious worlds. The artists were more interested in nature than in religion. Some of the famous artists during the time included Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo My counterclaim is that the knowledge gained from art and history is not accurate and therefore it cannot be trusted. Historians usually record the historical events using information from different sources. This information can sometimes be misleading in the sense that different authors can have conflicting information. They also choose to record the information that seems most relevant to them. For instance, most history books record the victory of kings and presidents in war. They do not mention all the people who were involved in the war. One cannot trust the information from different art sources. This is especially the case in visual forms of art and literature, where the artists usually use their imagination liberally to create different forms of art. In some cases, it is not possible to separate the reality from the fiction. The interpretation of history and art depends on a personââ¬â¢s interpretation. This can be affected by the personââ¬â¢s perception, emotions, reas oning or language. History that is learnt through books will depend on the perception of the writer. It is possible for two people to be present when one event is happening, but they will record different accounts of the events later. They have different perceptions concerning the event, and they will therefore record what they consider relevant and important. In the same way, a piece of art will depend on the artistââ¬â¢s perception when creating the art. Artists do not just paint or do other forms of artwork just because someone has asked them to do so. They will instead choose to specialize on the type of art that they are most comfortable with, and they will perfect it. Some people write fictional works of art such as novels. These novels depend entirely on the perception of the writer. The main argument concerning historical events is that they tend to have many different interpretations. People tend to trust the documented accounts since they were not present when these particular events were happening. Emotion can be a problem when interpreting history. People are controlled by their emotions despite the evidence presented. This is especially the case when the subject is controversial or sensitive. Emotions are important in the interpretation of art and history. People have different emotions when they see acquire knowledge concerning an area that affects them personally. For instance, Jews are more emotional than others are when they remember the holocaust. African Americans react strongly when they read about slavery. Time also determines how people react. For instance, many historical events, especially those that happened many years ago do not affect me the same way as recent historical events. This is mainly because I have had the chance to experience the recent historical events. For instance, the 9/11 event affected me deeply when it happened more than the Pearl Harbor. Though both events were tragic and significant, I related more to the 9/11 event more than the Pearl Harbo r. Time is therefore, an important determinant when interpreting history, as it makes the events more realistic and significant to me. Some people interpret history and art based on reason. They want to understand the reason why things happened the way they did. They want to understand why an artist chose to do his or her work in a certain manner. They will therefore develop theories and arguments that will help them understand more. This has led many to interpret various art forms based on the intention of the artists. This can sometimes be misleading since in some cases-such as when the artists are dead-it is not possible to know what the artistsââ¬â¢ intentions were. Language affects our thinking process, in the sense that our thoughts are limited by our language. A person cannot think in a language that he or she does not understand. Language is an important part of history, as it is used to document historical records. People think in their native language, and this may present a problem in interpretation. In some cases, historical books are written in English, and the full meaning of the work is lost if translated to another language. This is because some English words do not have an equal meaning in other languages. Some languages do not have the right terms or phrases to use to describe a particular art form. Despite the shortcomings of language, it is essential to understand that something does not stop existing just because it does not have a name in a specific language. Meaning is a fundamental concept of knowledge. I do not think that a person can get any knowledge if he or she does not understand the meaning of something. The meaning of a piece of art is more subjective, since it depends on the viewersââ¬â¢ perception. Meaning in art, is the main determinant of the reaction and the response to art. A person will respond based on what a particular piece of art means to them. We are able to know of the historical events that happened because they have been documented in historical texts by many different authors. Although the records are biased, they enable us to attain knowledge. This is enabled by the fact that people are able to read different accounts that happened from different authors. They are thus able to note some of the similarities in the texts. Artists create their works through imagination and reality (Worth). Their environment and their imagination are their main inspiration. This means that viewers of different forms of art have to be careful when observing different pieces of art. They have to separate imagination from reality. Over the years, many people have acquired knowledge from looking at different pieces of art. The different art forms have enabled them to know different things concerning the era the piece of art was created. It is therefore possible to attain knowledge using history and art despite bias and selection. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-29560180746308125512019-11-21T07:33:00.001-08:002019-11-21T07:33:08.940-08:00Humanistic Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsHumanistic Psychology - Essay Example She is profile who can be counted upon and can rise to the occasion to help the team in crisis. The humanistic approach with its spotlight on the human ability for integrity, resourcefulness and autonomy and its scrutiny of individuals as a sacred, cogent, decisive and sovereign beings did not come up within the sixties, there had been early on precursors of this discipline of thought. Alfred Adler (1870-1937) was one of the former psychologists to diverge with the Freudian analysis. With time, Maslow initiated to mull over citizens with high control to be most entirely human plus ensued to investigate the finest of human nature, the most intellectual, as well as the most realizing personalities (Monte, 1999, p. 737). Maslow initiated to associate the high control sentiment by way of a self actualizing propensity. The Maslow's Hierarchy of needs is how we a an individual can come to a decision on the motivational strategies that can be useful towards always Andrea in order to be able to make her more productive .Maslow also illustrated eight behaviors that can show the way to self actualization (Maslow in Frager & Fadiman, 1998, p. 450). 5. Verdict, if the above stages would be kept in mind, and then motivational theories be designed they will for sure give in the ability of life alternatives; she will also build up a more precise perception. 7. 6. Self improvement in the sagacity of learning to utilize our aptitudes to the fullest. This is a continuing procedure. 7. Crest understanding are split seconds of self actualization also could be depicted as the moments of ecstasy, dread, conjecture or else delight. Doing what guides the way to these understandings that can help individuals self actualize. 8. The need of Ego ramparts, otherwise being attentive of the mode in which the individuals disfigure their imagery of authenticity whenever we strive to secure our self-image moreover being able to plummet that behavior when apposite. An investigation tool described individual Orientation account has been industrialized (Shostrom 1963) as a consistent determine of self actualization that has show the way to additional experimental investigation into the region. Conclusion: As it prevails the more humanistic psychology has provided us individuals with a more fresh and innovative technique to a new way to look at human nature that is positive and holistic and has impacted on the fields Applying a more humanistic approach to wards Andrea would definitely motivate her in the long run. She is somebody, who is successful in her career and a hard worker too. She believes in maintaining a certain level of lifestyle and status in society. But along with all of this. Because she has kept herself so busy in attaining and hence forth maintaining it prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-1273373932038018132019-11-20T09:28:00.001-08:002019-11-20T09:28:07.415-08:00The Attempt to Improve Unilevers Business EssayThe Attempt to Improve Unilevers Business - Essay Example For a business to be green it should satisfy the following threshold: The aim of this report is to analyze critically the attempts to improve the sustainability of Unileverââ¬â¢s business, the hindrances to achieving a sustainable business. The report will then recommend changes that Unilever can take up and be able to achieve business sustainability. Unilever is an Anglo-Dutch multinational company which specializes in consumer goods. Its headquarters are situated in two cities which are London, England, and Rotterdam, Netherlands. Its products mainly comprise of personal care products, beverages, food, and cleaning products. Unilever is the third largest consumer goods company this is measured by the revenue received in 2012 after Proctor and Gamble and Nestle. Unilever has over 400 brands, with sales surpassing the 1 billion Euros mark (History of Unilever 2014). Over the recent past, Unilever has won a host of environmental sustainability or ââ¬Å"greenâ⬠awards which include; in 2013 Unilever earned position five in Carbon clearââ¬â¢s annual ranking of carbon measurement and reporting practices of FTSE companies gaining a score of 77%. In November 2013 Unilever won the Best Sustainability and Stakeholder Disclosure FTSE 100 Award received from the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators (ICSA). In 2013 CDPââ¬â¢s Forests programme recognized Unileverââ¬â¢s work with suppliers to increase capacity in providing sustainable commodities. For the third year in a row, Unilever retained its top ranking in 2013ââ¬â¢s survey of sustainability leaders by GlobeScan/Sustainability. Unilever received position two overall in the first Access to Nutrition Index (ATNI) Global index, receiving top rankings for undernutrition and also the products, lifestyles and engagement categories. prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-44650521269851380092019-11-18T01:17:00.001-08:002019-11-18T01:17:03.765-08:00ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM - Essay Example Solicitors were more concerned with office work such as the preparation of contracts for clients. Since 1991, solicitors with a little extra qualification have been allowed to act as advocates before the highest courts. On the other hand, barristers can now deal directly with professional clients without the intervention of a Solicitor. Many commentators believe that the two legal professions, once almost entirely separate, are slowly entering a state of gradual fusion as both are training and qualifying themselves to serve in the capacity of the other. Solicitors require a practicing certificate if they are to be involved in legal work. An exception is made for those in local government, commerce and industry. In 1996 there were 8702 firms of solicitors in England and Wales which earned at least à £15,000 per annum, with 4,377 of those firms classified as sole practitioners.1 There are also Legal Executives who qualify separately from both Barristers and Solicitors. Legal Executives carry out lower-level procedural or transactional work and must work under the supervision of a Solicitor. These functionaries are classified as paralegals in other countries. The practice of having Licensed Conveyancers started in 1986. They work separately from solicitors and are focused on domestic property transactions. The profession has its own system of qualification. The legal profession is largely self-regulated. The chief methods of regulation are; restrictions on entry, restrictions on advertising and other means of promoting a competitive process within the profession and restrictions on fee competition. The associations that regulate the practice of legal professionals are largely independent of government control. The main tool for regulation of the legal profession comprises the limitations imposed on who may enter into the legal profession. To become a solicitor one must take one of two degree routes or, prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6256335203105593913.post-65622751763157251542019-11-15T13:48:00.001-08:002019-11-15T13:48:16.175-08:00The Importance Of Going GreenThe Importance Of Going Green A definition of green management according to is the process within an organisation of applying innovation in order to achieve sustainability, waste reduction, social responsibility and a competitive advantage by the aids of continuous learning and development. Organisations shall be doing such developments, by implementing environmental goals and strategies which match the goals and strategies of the organization. This will therefore help the organization to stay focused to its mission and vision. Nowadays, it is found that companies advertise their products by promoting their environmentally friendly behaviour. It does not matter whether it is on TV or on banner; the message of go green is almost always used. But why green? Green is not simply a color. Going green is a way of making changes in the lifestyle of some organizations as well as the society also. This implies bringing in some changes which are friendlier towards the environment. It is to note that the mere truth while doing every simple thing impacting on the planet good or bad, an individual has all the right to make choices, thus the later can control the impact generated. (Team Treehugger, HTGG, 2007) 2.1.1 Importance of going green Moreover, another main thing is the importance of going green. Not many organisations have realized the importance that going green can have on their business. Firstly, adopting green management system means that it will be here forever. Other forms of energy are all finite, but green system will never be depleted. The renewable source of energy will always be here to keep the human needs ongoing. Secondly, by using green materials and workmanship it helps to keep the environment safe as compared to the energy imports which is quite costly. It has been therefore proved that in the United States, green technologies have been able to provide a boost to the economy`s trade deficit. Thirdly, going green will surely benefits the company in terms of its savings. Paying bills online means less money when companies go paperless, it is also a form of savings in terms of postages and paper costs. Hence both the individual and the businesses benefit from the green initiative. Similarly, if you use compact fluorescent light (CFLs) bulbs, you are like to save money on each bulb you purchase. According to Energy Star, replacing a fluorescent bulb you with an incandescent bulb consumes 75 percent less energy. Thus, if you replace a 100-watt incandescent bulb with a 25-watt CFL, you will save over $100 per year, based on U.S. Department of Energy figures. (Chris Dinesen Rogers, 2010) According to (Chris Dinesen Rogers 2010) going green can be beneficial to economic growth. Following the National Recycling Coalition, the recycling industry employing over 1 million people and generating approximately $200 billion in annual revenues is extremely good for the economy. It is also stated that that When you recycle, you are contributing to the sustained growth of the economy. In addition to the above, while using recyclable or organic products implies that toxic materials are removed from the production process hence it can be considered as an environmentally-friendly activity. This explains why organisations must reduce their disposal rates, because the more they dispose of, the more valuable and costly materials are being wasted, as well as producing more greenhouse gases as these landfills decompose. (Green Energy Choice 2013) Going green also means a more sustainable world. According to an article published on (All-recycling-facts.com 2009-2012) the rate at which we are utilizing the world`s resources and deteriorating the globe with several kind of pollution could be very disastrous. A result of these dreadful action is leading to the destruction of the earth`s ecosystem which implies that, we will soon be left with no clean air, water, land and food. It is also stated that the day we reach such a stage, there would be nothing which will be able to save us or even nothing to talk about. Our very lives would be threatened since there will be an atmosphere of impure air, undrinkable water, unhygienic food and probably nothing to save us from the ruthless climate change. Hence, it is primordial that each and every one of us contributes equally as a human community towards a greener environment and promotes green behaviour as something which others must follow. Following the competitive market in companies operates; organisations found it necessary to go divert their production towards greener products since consumers are becoming far more aware of green products are ready to move to competitors. The fact that a company uses a product which has already been used simply reduces the cost of production while at the same time reducing the needs for power as the company is consuming less energy. (Madhurjya Bhattacharyya 2011) also pointed out the fact that the Bank of America now uses much less paper as a result of which has lead to an increase in its customers. The bank also recycles paper internally and gives cash back offer facilities to employees up to a certain limit if ever they decide to buy hybrid vehicles in other words ecological vehicles. Few are those who moved from being traditional, but successful are those who took the risk and implemented the new green management system. Furthermore, with the evolution of the technologies, companies have begun to adopt the EMS approach. This can be referred to as Environmental Management System. This approach helps in gathering information, formulating goals, making the right choices while at the same time improving performance. In other words, EMS is a broader version of quality programs to managing the environment. Hence over the past decades, increasing number of companies has initiated new strategies to integrate the environment into their business strategy so as to improve both their environmental and business performance (Porter 1991; Smart 1992; Porter and van der Linde 1995a, 1955b; Hart and Ahuja 1994). To set the ball rolling on, while some managers are investing in the environment and this is most welcomed by the society, others will have to derive ideas about how to identify circumstances which will be favoring both the public benefits and corporate benefits. Some may want just the ISO 14001 label on their product while simultaneously for some other firms better utilizing their resources may be beneficial to the environment as a whole. All this gave rise to competitive advantage between firms. In the 1990s there was a big debate in the field of Business and Environment about whether it pays to be green. According to the following strategies put forward; free lunch, double dividend and win-win hypothesis, chances for businesses to be profitable in the environmental investments is uprising. However on the other hand, Reinhardt (1998) argued that, the question is not whether companies will be able to do it, but it was about the time factor, that is, when the companies will be able t o implement such strategies and when they will begin to benefit from such investments. 2.1.2 Porter`s Strategies Similarly, Michael Porter identified two different types of competitive advantage generated by firms in 1980; Low cost and differentiation. According to Porter, selling products or services with the lowest costs in the industry would be beneficial to the company in terms of competitive advantage. Hence the firm will be selling its product either at the price prevailing in the industry in order to earn higher profits than that of rival or adopting a price which is below the average price in the industry so as to gain in terms of market share. Such a situation is called a price war among firms in the same industry. During such a situation, a firm can maintain its profitability level to the detriment of its competitive edge on the market. However, it is to note that even if there is no such price war, as the industry grows older, price will decline as a result of which; the firm producing at the lowest cost will remain profitable for a longer time period. The differentiation strategy is when the organisation develops a particular product which offers unique attributes that are valued by consumers and the same product is seen differently from the products of the competitors. According to Porter (1985: 13), a cost leader cannot ignore differentiation. This means that differentiation is as important as lowering the cost of production. Similarly, Levitt (1980) pointed out that everything can be differentiated even a commodity. He says this can be applied for industries dealing in primary metals, grains, chemicals, plastics, and money also. However, Peters and Austin (1985: 61) did not totally agree on this theory. They argued that if we put the label of commodity on a product it becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. Buzzell and Gale (1987: 113) supported this idea with their argument: if you think of your product/service offering as a commodity, thats what it will bea commodity. 2.1.3 Spending Green With regard to green marketing in practice, the health report are somewhat uncertain. A surge in products and services claiming more or less legitimate claims to environmental friendliness was noted in the 1990s, when a significant proportion of consumer advertising campaigns in many countries contained messages related to the environment (Banerjee et al., 1995; Carlson et al., 1993) Today, however, observation suggests a decline in green claims for mainstream products. In some developed countries, this has at least resulted in a correspondingly less widespread occurrence of vague claims related to doubtful green product attributes, meaning that consumers are now more aware about green products. Consecutively, it is found that when it comes to green consumption, women are doing their part of responsibility when making purchases (i.e.) they are making much more green purchases than men do. While doing so, they also promote their products and services to be environmentally-friendly. Following a study on the purchasing habits of consumers, it was found that women are more environmentally-conscious when it comes to decision making in business that their male counterparts. Women clearly disagreed on the fact that some business owners still believe that promoting their products and services as being environmentally-friendly has little impact on consumers buying habits. It even goes further when Dr. Myra Hart, reported that environmental friendliness was ranked in the top three factors by women business owners, influencing consumer purchasing decision of consumers. It was ranked just below quality (98%) and price (85%) and finally cited environmental friendliness as a moderate infl uencer (76%). As a result of this study, it showed that consumers do take into consideration the environmental factor when making purchases either for them or their business (Lahle Wolfe 2013) Likewise, it is quite obvious that cannot consume the same thing for a long period of time. Consumers always tend to move to other new products and sometimes their behaviour are affected by means of advertising or even their past experience they had with a particular product. By consuming more of less environmentally harmful products and services, consumers can bring in positive changes and therefore lessen the impacts on Earth. Consumers don`t realise, but they have enormous power to improve the world. While on one hand, consumers are advised to consume less in order to protect the environment, on the other hand the money saved can be utilized in order to advance the green economy. Green shopping can be termed as a situation where consumers normally spend money on products that are less harmful towards the environment which is likely to build a more sustainable world. Small changes in consumer behaviour like adopting products that comes with less packaging and those which are made w ith plastics can improve the green economy. Hence, the spending pattern of consumers will determine the type of world they will create in the future. (Richard Matthews 2012) In addition to the above, according to (Debra Atlas 2013) 71% of consumer consider the welfare of the environment when they shop. He also claimed that green thinking has been increased among consumers minds. Environmental concerns are now becoming important to firms also since they have the opportunity to develop their green products demanded by consumers and therefore position their company on the market as a being a green company. This will also help the firm in terms of competitive advantage and increased performance. (Singh 2010) Following globalization, consumers now have access to information which raise their awareness about the manufacturing processes of the products and this made them seek green products. (Hailes 2007) For example; consumers may be interested in the green attributes (whether the product is recyclable, biodegradable, etc) of a product as well as the manufacturing process (whether environmental norms have been respected during the process). (Singh 2008) Practically, with the new trend of green management, consumers are willing even more to spend greener. This means that consumers tend to behave more positive towards the sustainability of the environment than the green movement. In other words, the green products will gradually replace the traditional power products because of their environmental benefits. This is likely to be a successful venture because according to (Wiser 1998) consumers are willing to pay for green products. As a result of this, it will generate a new market for renewable energy products. Hence, this may help to put forward green marketing as a successful tool in the energy market. However, sometimes it not about meeting the consumers expectation; businesses have to surpass the expectations to meet quality products demanded by consumers (Gupta Lehman, 2002; Blackwell et al., 2001; Naumann et al., 2001; Foreman, 2000). Another option which may help the company to build a relationship with its customers` is to create a strong brand image so that it the purchaser decision will rely more on perceptions than on reality. (Vrontiss Thrassou, 2007) This also helped organizations to realise the fact that they have to shape the perceptions of consumer in regard to their products by making use of every marketing communication tools at their disposal. This has therefore led to a situation where consumers were overflowed with adverts and became unresponsive over a period of time. As a result of this, the job of producers to influence the mind of the consumers became much harder and needed extra effort. (Blackwell et al., 2006) Hence it can be said that consumer decision m aking is therefore based on information processing (Johnson Puto, 1987) Also, when it comes to accountability, Robins (2008) points out that a company must be ready to accept its responsibility for its operations and their impact on society and natural environment. Companies should work for welfare of the society as a whole and therefore towards a greener world. Similarly, (Sirsly, 2008) recommended that Corporate Social Responsibility is not always generating the monetary and economic value for the firms, but it help firms to differentiate among themselves. When a third party endorsed its corporate efforts, the reputation of a firm is reinforced in the eyes of both market and non-market stakeholders Sirsly and Lametrz(2008). Eventually, Karna et al. (2003) argued that environmental issues were all in the hands of the government. Hence marketing strategies along with government aids can help to build strong green marketing campaign and therefore helps to protect the environment in better and efficient way. If a firm is introducing a highly differentiated product, it is maximizing the stockholders returns and effectively using environmental strategy. A firm engaged in the cause related marketing because of its long term benefits i.e. to attract and retain consumer for longer period of time. In such type of marketing activity, consumers are emotionally motivate to take part and because they wanted to feel different from other members of society or in their groups Ottman (1993, p.91). 2.1.4 The Cost Factor While going green, several factors influencing the financial aspect of the project should be taken into consideration; one of the most important one is the energy cost. It is found that over time, energy costs usually change and thus it becomes difficult to reap profit from the investment. It is assumed that if the energy costs are low, then the cost benefit of implementing the green system will be low too, but on the contrary assuming fluctuations in the economy, the energy costs might increase which will result in striking payback in the future. For example; the cost of buying a hybrid car may be as the same as a normal car for a long term basis assuming a constant price of gas, but suppose the price of gas experience an increase in the future, then the hybrid car will help one to save much more money than expected. (Gregory Hamel, 1999; 2013) Besides, (Rebecca Lake, 2010) pointed out the fact that several practices and behaviours of going green slogan are all motives of saving money, but still there are still ways while adopting green living can be from moderate to very expensive. It is found that, the technology associated with green living is not beneficial to the environment but often at a much higher cost than their traditional counterparts. For instance: let`s consider the installation of solar panel. It can be very useful in saving money on a long term basis, but at the same time it may cost thousands of dollars to install the equipment. Energy saving appliances is normally to be used so as to save water and energy, but they usually come in a high priced package which sometimes is very costly to organisations. Similarly, eating organic food is another to go green, but in order to get these; one has to pay a significant price unless you decide to grow your own food. Basically, (Chris Joseph, 2013) put forward the fact that when companies implement environmental norms within the organisation, it always ends in costlier products. This implies the switch from the traditional way of production to producing green products which can lead to expensive products to the consumers. It can affect the organisation`s source of revenue if it is operating in developing country, since consumers in developing country have less buying power compared to those in developed country. Similarly, according to Jon Kaplan who owns a Greenworks Cabinetry in Florida manufactures eco-friendly furniture products. Since he has to get most of his materials from the West-Coast and Asian countries too, his products cost much more on the market. This means that he has to sell his products at higher prices which may lead to a situation where consumers will obviously shift to competitors. As a whole, while companies decide to go green, many consumers would like to see the organisation actively doing things so as to prevent the depletion of natural resources. Going green does not happens in a matter of minutes, it is a whole process and it involves huge costs which is not always effective for the company. (Admin, 2013), stated that deciding on whether being environmentally responsible or the level of spending is more will be crucial. If ever the spending out way the desire to be eco-friendly, then it will not be a successful project. Problems may pop up on the side of suppliers also. The company will now need to find new suppliers who will be providing materials on time; else significant losses will be incurred by the company. Producing the same quality of finish product will be primordial for the organisation in order to maintain its image on the market failure to do so will be disastrous. Similarly, implementing the green system within the company will mean; trainin g the employees. Employees will have to be trained to deal with the new approach and different method of work. Training may be costly and at the same time lowering productivity while employees are at their training session. 2.2 Supply Chain Management Supply chain management was views years ago, as the process of converting raw materials to finished products and finally delivered to the end-user (Bearmon, 1999). This process can therefore be defined as the extraction and exploitation of the natural resources gifted by the nature (Srivastava, 2007). It is hence very important to note that environmental sustainability has been something primordial since the last decades in business practice. Since the early 1990`s companies were faced with the dilemma of implementing Environmental Management in their supply chains (Wu Dann, 1995) which is however not an easy task. Therefore the green concept to the supply chain of business increases the level of competitiveness among firms which will have a direct relation to the environment. This therefore gave rise to the Green Supply Chain Management. (GrSCM) 2.2.1 Green Supply Chain Management Green Supply Chain Management is the revolutionized version of the traditional supply chain. This involves a direction relationship with the environment. The quality revolution in the late 1980s and the supply chain revolution in the early 1990s has awaken several business conscience to become environmental friendly (Srivastava, 2007, p. 53). Green Supply Chain Management became not just a simple fad, as it aimed at both practionners and academics in waste-reduction programs as well as preserving the quality of the products` life and the natural resource. In order to achieve excellence in business, Eco-Efficiency and renewably processes became something most businesses shall be adopting (Ashley, 1993; Srivastava, 2007). Businesses are bearing the pressure of both governmental and global market demands to become more sustainable (Guide Srivastava, 1998; Gungor Gupta, 1999). Waste management is another topic that pop up from the GrSCM literature. This proved its importance with the work of Roy and Whelan (1992). It therefore gave rise to a standardized model for reducing electronic waste without harming the environment. As a result of this, different waste management issues came into context which emphasized mainly on recycling and remanufacturing. Owen (1930), Hannah and Newman (1995); Sarkis and Cordeiro (2001) and Nagorney and Toyasaki (2005) are all examples of trends of waste management becoming an issue. 2.2.2 Green Design Green design is an important sub-part in the Green Supply Chain Management. It states that each product or service should be design in such a way that it encourages environmental awareness. Beamon (1999) developed ISO14000 which was introduced as a result of the Rio Summit on the Environment in 1992. Tremendous pressure groups were for the fact that firms should encourage greening in their respective supply chain. In 1991, the first green design literature came to existence. NavinChandras (1991) pointed out the first literature in order to reduce the number of wastage that is more businesses going green. Works of Ashley (1993); Allenby and Richards (1994) and Zhang, Kuo, Lu and Huang (1997) came into context and expanded the framework of green design. Life-cycle analysis was an example of a framework that came out of green design. Works of Arena, Mastellone and Perugini (2003), Beamon (1999) and De Ron Penev (1995) all discussed life-cycle analysis as a framework. 2.2.3 Reverse Logistics Reverse Logistics (RL) is the complete reversal of the traditional or forward logistics (Beamon, 1999). Reverse logistics was defined as a process where manufacturers accept products which were shipped from the previous point for consumption which will be possibly use for recycling and re-manufacturing Dowlatshahi (2000) and Carter and Ellram (1998). Fiksel (1996) argues that becoming eco-friendly towards products re-manufacturing had a chance to emerge in some firms. Heavy industries having complex supply chains should see that they benefit from the reverse logistics (RL). Thierry, Wassenhove, Van Nunen and Salomon (1995) supported the fact that automobile industries were making full use of reverse logistics; examples would be: BMW and General Motors. The trend does not end only with those companies, Hewlett Packard, Storage Tek and TRW were also using reverse logistics as a supply chain process. All this were done in the simple main aim to remain competitive in their respective ind ustries (Srivastava, 2007). (Srivastava, 2007) stated that collection is the first stage in every recovery process. Products are then selected, assembled and transported to facilities for re-manufacturing. Used products came from various sources, but then had to be transferred to one particular place so that the converging process can begin (Thierry et al., 1995). It was also claimed that sorting and recycling are very essential mechanism in the process of sorting reusable products. The collection schemes were done on the basis of whether the materials were separated by the consumer (separation at source) or centralized (mixed waste) Cairncross (1992) and Srivastava (2007). Hence the main aim was to sort products so that it can be reused to reduce costs of making new products which is diagrammatically represented on the next page: Source: Jamal Fortes. (2009). Green Supply Chain Management: A Literature Review, Otago Management Graduate Review 2.3 Empirical Literature Review According to the empirical studies carried on in order to test the relationship between the firm`s performance and environmental concerns it was found that the results varied. Some results delivered positive results (Judge and Douglas, 1998; King and Lenox, 2002; Melnyk et al., 2003) while on the contrary some did not identified positive outcomes of environmental proactivity on businesses` performance (Cordeiro and Sarkis, 1997; Gilley et al., 2000; Link and Naveh, 2006). In addition to the above, it was found that firms are facing various pressures from both within the company and governmental parties to become more responsible and at the same time greener. Those pressures have as main aim to reduce the level of impact of firms on the natural environment and the society as a whole. As a matter of fact, social responsibility and being conscious about the environment are being integral among nowadays firms. Hence, the most important issue is about these aspects and the financial performance of the business. That is, in other words, are firms being able to protect the environment as well as being profitable? Bowen (1953) supported the fact that corporate social responsibility is not the remedy and thus it will not cure the society of all its ills immediately, but he thinks that it a new venture that should be supported and implemented by each organization who wants to survive in the industry. He also argued that the social responsibilities of businessme n also known as the obligations of firms must follow the policies which will be beneficial to the society as a whole. Josà © F. Molina-Azorà n, Enrique Claver-Cortà ©s, Maria D. Là ³pez-Gamero, Juan J. Tarà , (2009),Green management and financial performance: a literature review, Management Decision, Vol. 47 Iss: 7 pp. 1080 1100 Moreover, it is found that, the pressure exerted by environmental management on firm performance, this influence can really help firms to cut down on their costs while at the same time respecting the environment. Reducing or if possible prevent pollution will allow the firm to save on control costs, input, and energy consumption, and to recycle used materials (Hart, 1997; Taylor, 1992). Thus, producing and delivering goods while simultaneously reducing the ecological impact and use of resources will surely help the firm to attain eco-efficiency (Schmidheiny, 1992; Starik and Marcus, 2000). However, on the contrary, those firms which continue to pollute the environment are therefore regarded as a sign of inefficiency (Porter and Van der Linde, 1995). Companies must learn to view environmental improvement in terms of resource productivity. Managers should not only focus on the costs of eliminating or treating pollution, they should review their approach, and thus pay more attention to the cost they have forgone while polluting the environment, in other words, the opportunity of pollution. (wasted resources, wasted effort, and diminished product value to the customer). In addition to the above, it is found that by using practical environmental strategies, firms can eliminate wastages, redesign existing product systems to reduce life cycle impacts, and therefore develop new products with lower life cycle costs (Hart, 1995). If ever organizations go deeper to extend their strategies, this will surely help them to achieve organizational efficiency. In fact, by responding to market pressures firms may save costs so as to achieve greater production efficiency and gathering gains which are easily obtained associated with reducing excessive wastes, material, and energy use. (Hart and Ahuja, 1996) Therefore, it should be noted that green management can provide opportunities to lessen costs while simultaneously increase revenues. Ambec and Lanoie (2008) argued the fact that there are four possible opportunities for companies to use in order to reduce costs (risk management and relations with external stakeholders; cost of material, energy, and services; cost of capital; and cost of labor) and three opportunities to increase revenues (better access to certain markets; differentiating products; and selling pollution-control technology). Furthermore, environmental management can help to maintain and improve relationships between the different stakeholders as well as reducing the level of conflicts between them which can sometimes prove to be costly (Hull and Rothenberg, 2008). Organizations maintaining good relationships with their stakeholders are likely to achieve success much more effectively than competitors (Donaldson and Preston, 1995). Similarly, while creating, developing and maintaining ties with the stakeholders it will surely help to better financial performance of the companies (Jones, 1995; Brammer and Millington, 2008). In the case of the influence of green management impacting on corporate environmental performance, did not generate a clear result. While some studies showed positive impacts. For example, Dasgupta et al. (2000) found positive effects of green management measures on self-assessed compliance with environmental regulations. Anton et al. (2004) found that the Environment Management System helps to reduce the level of toxic emission, and Potoski Prakash (2005) found that companies which have been already certified ISO 14001 reduce their level of pollution more than non-certified ones. Hence, these studies point out to possible problems with regard to their measures of green management and therefore try to develop approaches which shall be useful to such problems. However, their instruments based on cross-sectional data are not fully convincing. In the sense that, Dahlstrà ¶m et al. (2003) did not find that the ISO 14001 certification improves the compliance with environmental regulatio ns and Lenox and Nash (2003) even showed that firms which are less environmental friendly are more attracted to public voluntary environmental programs. Besides, it should be noted that the measures for corporate environmental performance such as toxic emissions or the compliance with environmental regulations are mostly one-dimensional indicators, meaning they look at one facet of the coin. There is more technological environmental performance whi prosonorbrac1975http://www.blogger.com/profile/08588137313386754773noreply@blogger.com0